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1. कर्ता कारक – denotes the doer of the verb or the deed or action. Though ने (ne) is the case ending for karta karak, sometimes it is used without any suffix.

English
Hindi
Transliteration

Rama killed Ravana.
राम ने रावण को मारा ।
Ram ne Ravan ko mara

Radha is dancing.
राधा नाचती है।
Radha nachti hai

The boy read.
लड़के ने पढ़ा।
Ladke ne padha

Father drank tea.
पिताजी ने चाय पी।
Pitaji ne chai pi

Rohit sang a song.
रोहित ने गीत गाया।
Rohit ne geet gaaya

1. कर्म कारक – The person or thing on which an action or deed has an effect or business with is denoted by a karm karak. को is its case ending.

English
Hindi
Transliteration

Mohan called Ram.
मोहन ने राम को बुलाया।
Mohan ne Ram ko bulaaya

Mother fed the child.
माँ ने बच्चे को  खिलाया।
Maa ne bachche ko khilaya

I saw Rajan.
मैने राजन को देखा।
Maine Rajan ko dekha

Give him a pen.
उसको एक कलम दो।
Usko ek kalam do

Annabel likes fruits.
आनबेल को फल पसंद है।
Annabel ko phal pasand hai

3. करण कारक – denotes the medium or means or that is instrumental in the kriya – verb done by a noun or a pronoun. से, के साथ, के द्वारा are the case endings used.

English
Hindi
Transliteration

Boy writes with a pen.
लड़का कलम से लिखता है।
ladka kalam se likhta hai

Children are playing with ball.
बालक गेंद से खेल रहे है।
Baalak gend se khel rahe hai

I live with Joseph.
मैं जोसेफ के साथ रहता हूँ।
Main Joseph ke saath rahta hoon

I shall send the letter across my son.
मैं खत बेटे के द्वारा बेचती हूँ।
Main khat bete ke dwaara bechti hoon

With whom are you going to town?
तुम किसके साथ शहर जा रही हो?
Tum kiske saath shahar jaa rahi ho?

4. संप्रदान कारक – denotes to whom something is done, or for whom something is given. के लिए, को are the case endings.

English
Hindi
Transliteration

Give milk to Ramu.
रामू को दूध दो।
Ramu ko doodh do

Mary bought toys for her child.
मेरी ने बच्चे के लिए खिलौना खरीदा।
Mary ne bachche ke liye khilauna khareeda

Pray to Sun for health.
स्वास्थ्य के लिए सूर्य को नमस्कार करो ।
Swaasthya ke liye  surya ko namaskar karo

Give fruits to Guruji.
गुरुजी को फल दो।