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Where do you live? Today you will learn to answer this question in Hindi. How are you doing on learning your letters? Learn आ (ā) in both its independent and matra form. Did you get the mystery word from yesterday? It is OK to say out loud because it is a clean word. Or rather the word was “clean”. Can you talk about actions that are happening right now? For example, “You are reading ISpeakHindi.com”.” Could you say that in Hindi? Listen to today’s episode and you will be able to to. We also go over the last three lines in the BBC Hindi article that we have been going through. We do not go over any questions today, but would be happy to go over your Hindi questions. Just email them to me at nathan@ISpeakHindi.com or leave them as a comment to this episode.
Phrase of the Day
I live in India.
spoken by a man: मैं भारत में रहता हूँ। (maĩ bhā-rat mēn rah-tā hūn)
spoken by a woman: मैं भारत में रहती हूँ। (maĩ bhā-rat mēn rah-tī hūn)
Hindi Letter and Sound of the Day
आ (ā)
This is a combination of these two symbols. If you have the Hindi Alphabet cards, this is the card you need to focus on today.
If you are interested in learning your letters, then I would recommend that you get the Hindi Letter Flashcards.
आना (ā-nā) – to come
आम (ām) – mango (m)
आप (āp) – you (formal)
नाम (nām) – name (m)
दाम (dām) – price (m)
क्या (kyā) – what?
Mystery Word From Last Episode
साफ़ (sāf) – clean
ये कपड़े साफ़ हैं। (yē kap-ṛē sāf haĩ.) – These clothes are clean.
related words:
गंदा (gan-dā)– dirty
साफ़ करना (sāf kar-nā) – to clean
Mystery Word
Answers from yesterday’s Grammar Exercise:
For TV you can write टीवी (ṭī-vī) or use the “pure” Hindi word दूरदर्शन (dūr-dar-śan) . I have chosen to use टीवी (ṭī-vī) below since it is known by a larger group of people.
देखना (dēkh-nā) – to see; to watch
With a masculine subject:
I use to watch TV. मैं टीवी देखता था। (maĩ ṭī-vī dēkh-tā thā.)
We use to watch TV. हम टीवी देखते थे। (ham ṭī-vī dēkh-tē thē.)
You [formal] use to watch TV. आप टीवी देखते थे। (āp ṭī-vī dēkh-tē thē.)
You [informal] use to watch TV. तुम टीवी देखते थे। (tum ṭī-vī dēkh-tē thē.)
He use to watch TV. वह टीवी देखता था। (vah ṭī-vī dēkh-tā thā.)
They use to watch TV. वे टीवी देखते थे। (vē ṭī-vī dēkh-tē thē.)
With a feminine subject:
I use to watch TV. मैं टीवी देखती थी। (maĩ ṭī-vī dēkh-tī thī.)
We use to watch TV. हम टीवी देखती थीं। (ham ṭī-vī dēkh-tī thīn.)
You [formal] use to watch TV. आप टीवी देखती थीं। (āp ṭī-vī dēkh-tī thīn.)
You [informal] use to watch TV. तुम टीवी देखती थीं। (tum ṭī-vī dēkh-tī thīn.)
She use to watch TV. वह टीवी देखती थी। (vah ṭī-vī dēkh-tī thī.)
They use to watch TV. वे टीवी देखती थीं। (vē ṭī-vī dēkh-tī thīn.)
Daily Grammar Exercise
present progressive
Do you know the present progressive tense? The present progressive describes actions that are happening right now. In English we use the verb ending “ing” to denote something that is happening. The present progressive tense is also known as the present continuous tense. Let us look at a few examples in English of the present progressive tense.
I am reading.
He is running.
They are eating.
She is learning.
In Hindi you use a form of रहा (ra-hā) to indicate something is happening. There are three forms of रहा (ra-hā):
रहा (ra-hā) – used with singular, masculine subjects
रहे (ra-hē) – used with plural, masculine subjects
रही (ra-hī) – used with feminine subjects, both singular and plural.
The helping verbs are just as in the present habitual tense. Just to review:
हूँ (hūn) – translates as “am” and used with मैं (maĩ)
हो (hō) – translate as “are” and used with तुम (tum)
है (hai) – translates as “is”
हैं (haĩ) – translates as “are” (not used with तुम (tum))
Only use the verb stem from the main verb. The verb stem is what is left when you drop the ना (nā) off of the end of the verb. For example the verb stem of बोलना (bōl-nā) (to speak) is just बोल (bōl).
Now, let look at how to put it together:
<subject> <verb stem> <form of रहा (ra-hā)> <helping verb>
It will be more clear when we look at some examples:
I am reading.
मैं पढ़ रहा हूँ। (maĩ paṛh ra-hā hūn) (spoken by a man)
मैं पढ़ रही हूँ। (maĩ paṛh ra-hī hūn ) (spoken by a woman)
He is running.
वह दौड़ रहा है। (vah dauṛ ra-hā hai.)
They are eating.
वे खा रहे हैं। (vē khā ra-hē haĩ.)
She is learning.
वह सीख रही है। (vah sīkh ra-hī hai.)
Try translating these:
I am singing.
We are dancing.
You are learning.
He is drinking.
She is laughing.
They are working.
We will go over the answers to these in tomorrow show. Try to figure them out before then and post the answers as a comment to this show.
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The information below is more advanced, and transliterations stop at this point in the show. If you need the transliterations, then use this website to create transliterations http://devtransliteration.appspot.com/
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Something more complicated
From the BBC http://www.bbc.co.uk/hindi/pakistan/2011/05/110509_geelani_qaeda_skj.shtml
गिलानी का कहना था कि अमरीका का पाकिस्तान की ज़मीन पर कार्रवाई करना कई गंभीर चुनौतियां खड़ी कर सकता था लेकिन पाकिस्तान अमरीका से अपनी मित्रता को बहुत महत्व देता है.
Gilani was saying that the actions that America has taken on Pakistan’s soil would have created many serious challenges but Pakistan gives a lot of importance to its friendship with America.
हालांकि उन्होंने परोक्ष रुप से ये भी कहा कि ओसामा बिन लादेन को खड़ा करने में अमरीका का हाथ भी रहा है.
Although in an indirect way he also said that it was Americans that had also made Osama bin Laden to stand.
उन्होंने कहा, “अंतरराष्ट्रीय समुदाय को यह बताना ज़रुरी है कि नबे के दशक में अरब देशों के युवाओं ने जिहाद शुरु किया और अल क़ायदा में शामिल हो गए. अल क़ायदा को बनाने वाले कौन थे? और उस को धन किस ने दिया? यह आज के प्रश्न हैं.”
He said, “It is import to tell the international community that in the 90s the youngsters in the arab countries had started the jihad and they started to get into al Qaeda.
Read the rest on the BBC site: http://www.bbc.co.uk/hindi/pakistan/2011/05/110509_geelani_qaeda_skj.shtml
Listener Questions and Comments
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