In Hindi, Conjunction is called  समुच्चयबोधक”(Samucchy Bodhak) 
which comes from  two word, समुच्चय (Samucchy)  which means combination 
and बोधक (bodhak ) which means indicator.

These are the words that shows the combination of given type in 
the given sentence.

 Conjunction in Hindi are of 3 types:

 1.विभाजक (Vibhaajak ) Separative

These conjunctive words divide a sentence into two or more parts.

These are या (Yaa)  or,  ताकि (taaki)  =so that

and  परन्तु (parantu )  =but

उदाहरण  ( udaaharan) Examples:

करो या मरो. |(Karo ya maro.)- Do or die.

तुम सुबह   से कार्यालय (  दफ्तर  )  में   हो  परन्तु तुमने कुछ कार्य   नहीं किया |

( Tum subah se kaaryalay-daftar mein ho parantu

tumney kuchh kaary nahin kiya. )

You are  in office since morning but you didn’t do  any work.

मेहनत  (परिश्रम ) से अध्ययन करो ताकि  तुम  परीक्षा में उतीर्ण   हो सको |

( Mehanat-parishram se  adhyayan karo taaki  tum

pareeksha mein uteern ho sako.)

Work hard in studies so that you could pass in  the examination.

विकल्पसूचक (Vikalp Suchak ) Alternative Indicator

These conjunctive words indicate the options in a sentence  like  या ( ya)

or.  अथवा (athwaa) or and  अन्यथा (anyathaa) Otherwise

Examples:

राम  अथवा श्याम   ,यहाँ  आओ| ( Ram athwaa Shyam ,yahan aao.)

Ram or Shyam, come here

तुम काम कर सकती  हो या अध्ययन |

( Tum kaam kar saktee ho ya adhyayan .)

You can do work or study.

तुम परिश्रम करो अन्यथा अनुतीर्ण  हो जाओगे|

( Tum parishram karo anyatha anuteern ho jaaogey.)

You work hard otherwise you will fail.

संयोजक (Sanyojak )  Connective

These conjunctive words join two or more parts to form a sentence..e.g.

और ( aur) and ,एवं   (and)  &  तथा (thathaa)  and

Examples:

सीता और गीता  एक ही घर में रहते हैं|

( Seeta aur Geeta ek hee ghar mein rahtey hain.)

Seeta and Geeta live in the same house.

मुकेश एवं मोहन   अच्छे मित्र हैं |

( Mukesh evam Mohan acchhey mitr hain. )

Mukesh and Mohan are good  friends.

आम तथा अंगूर  फल हैं| ( Aam tatha angoor fal hain. )

Mangoes and grapes are fruits.

S.Suresh Kumar

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 In Hindi, there are several groups under which prefixes could be defined. 
There are several loan words in Hindi. These loan words could be from Persian,

Arabic, and English  etc.

Hindi Prefixes

अन (an) अभाव- abhaav) lack: अनजान (anjaan) - strange 

दु (du) बुरा/कम (bad/less) ; दुबला ( dublaa) -lean , दुःखद (dukhad) - sad 

भर (bhar)= ठीक ( theek) /पूरा -poora (correct/complete) भरपेट ( bharpayt)- full
 stomach भरपूर (bharpoor) -full 

स/सु (sa/su) अच्छा-achha /सहित -sahit (good/with) सपूत ( noble son)
 सुडौल (sudaul)-symmetric 

चौ (chau)= चार -chaar (four) चौराहा ( chaurahaa) - four square ,
 चौपाया (chaupaayaa) four footed 

अध (ad) =आधा -aadhaa (half) अधपका ( adhpaka) half-baked , 
अधजला ( adhjala) half-burnt 

क/कु (ka/ku) बुरा/बुरी (bad(m/f) कपूत ( kapoot) - bad son, 
कुरूप ( kurup) ugly 

 अ (a) अभाव (abhaav) lack, निषेध (ban) अचूक (achook) unmistakable, 
अछूत( achhoot) untouchable

Urdu – Persian Prefixes 

गैर (gaiyr) भिन्न/अलग-bhin/alag (different);- गैरकानूनी (gaiyrkanoonee) - illegal,
 गैरहाजिर (gaiyrhaazir)- absent 

खुश (khush)- happy: अच्छा (good)  - खुशबू (Khushboo)- good smell/fragrance 

कम (kam) -  थोड़ा (less) कमजोर (kamzor)- weak 

दर (dar) में (in) : दरमियान ( darmiyaan) in between 

बद (bad) बुरा (bad) : बदनाम (badnaam) -bad name, 
बदबू (badboo) bad odour/smell 

ब (ba) साथ -saath /अनुसार-anusaar) (with/according) बनाम (banaam) versus 

ला (laa) बिना/नहीं -bina/nahin (without/no) :लापरवाह (laaparvaah) -careless 

 ना (naa) नहीं (no) नालायक (naalayak) -worthless

संस्कृत के उपसर्ग (Prefixes from Sanskrit)

अ (a) नहीं (not);   अज्ञान (agyaan) ignorance, अभाव (abhaav) lack

स (sa) साथ (with): सफल (safal) successful, सपरिवार(sapariwaar) with family,
सह (sah) साथ (with)  सहपाठी (sahpaathee) classmate, सहयोग (sahyog)support)

पुन: (punh) फिर (again);    पुनर्जनम (punarjanm) reincarnation, 
पुनर्निर्माण (punarnirmaan) reconstruction

आवि (aavi) :प्रकट (prakat) visible, revealed: आविष्कार(aavishkaar) invention,
 आविर्भाव (aavirbhaav) emergence

अति (ati) अधिक (more, much) अत्याचार (atyaachaar) oppression,
 अत्यधिक (atyadhik) very much

प्रति (prati): विरोध (virodh) against: प्रत्येक (pratyek) every, 
प्रतिकूल (pratikool)-negative

S.Suresh Kumar

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1.The usage of words should be specific to a situation.

वह मेरे शब्दों पर ध्यान नहीं देता। (Vah merey shabdon par dhyaan nahin deta.)  - incorrect
Literal meaning: He doesn't pay attention to my words.

बात पर ध्यान देना ( baat par dhyaan dena.) is a acceptable and  usage will be appropriate. 
The usage of शब्दों पर ध्यान देना (Shabdon par dhyaan dena.)  is never used. Hence, the sentence should be,

वह मेरी बात पर ध्यान नहीं देता। ( Vah meree baat par dhyaan nahin deta. )
 It means He doesn't pay attention /heed to my saying/thought/suggestion etc.

2.लड़का  या  लडकी  आयेगा ।( Ladkaa ya ladkee  aayegaa.) :The boy or girl will come. This is incorrect.

When “या” (or) is used the grammatical gender of the verb agree to the last noun.

In the above cited example,  it is लडकी (ladkee) girl which is feminine so it should be

आएगी (aayegee.) girl will come) instead आएगा (boy will come.)

लड़का  या  लडकी  आयेगी|।( Ladkaa ya ladkee aayegee.)

The boy or girl will come. This is correct.

Similarly, if a pronoun is used then it agrees to the following noun 
as in the undermentioned sentence.

Incorrect: आज मेरी बेटा और बेटी  मुंबई गए  हैं | ( Aaaj meree betaa aur betee Mumbai gaye hain.)

बेटा (bea) son is masculine and hence, the pronoun must be
 मेरा (Mera ) mine – masculine) instead मेरी (meree) mine – feminine.

In case of the interrogative sentences, we use masculine for verb declination.

Incorrect: देखो ,कौन आई ? (dekho kaun aayee ?) See, who came?

Here, “कौन” (who) is used masculine and hence, the use of feminine verb ending,

आई (aayee) came – feminine is wrong. It must be आया (aayaa)  came – masculine.

Hence,Correct sentence is : देखो, कौन आया ( Dekho kaun aaya.)  ?

3.Sometime, a sentence may be meaningful but unnecessary words might have been used, 

which is reflected in the under-noted  sentence:

Incorrect: मैं मंगलवार   के दिन को वहाँ पहुंच जाऊंगी|
 (Main mangalwaar ke din ko vahan pahunch jaaungee.)
I will reach there on the day of Tuesdayy.

मंगलवार के दिन (Mangalwaar kay din – day of Tuesday) is incorrect since “मंगलवार

” (Mangalwaar-Tuesday) alone is sufficient so के दिन should be avoided. 
The correct sentence thus will be: मैं मंगलवार को वहाँ  पहुंच जाऊंगी।
 (Main mangalwaar ko vahan pahunch jaaungee.)

 I will reach there on Tuesday.)

4.The under mentioned sentence does  not clarify it is active or passive voice,

Incorrect: पुलिस ने चोर  का पीछा किया गया।

Here,”ने” must be replaced with “के द्वारा” (through)

Correct: पुलिस के द्वारा चोर का  पीछा किया गया। ( Pulis key dwaara chor kaa peechha kiya gaya.) 
The thief was chased by the police.

5.In the below mentioned sentence, the case is incorrect.

Hence, the verb added at the end is incorrect  as well.

Incorrect: प्राचार्य  शिक्षक को बुलाए। (Praachaarya shikshak ko bulaaye.)
 This can be amended by adding “ने” to the sentence.
 Correct: प्राचार्य  ने शिक्षक को बुलाया।
 ( Praacharya ney shikshak ko bulaaya.)

 The principal called the teacher.

S.Suresh Kumar

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{Suresh 492 } Some simple  sentences
कुछ  सरल वाक्य  ( Kuchh saral vaakyak)

मेरे पास दो तोते (parrots) थे  । (merey paas do totey they. )
 I had two parrots
बाबूजी दूकान  ( shop) गए  हुए हैं  ।( Baaboojee dookaan gaye hooay hain.) 
Father has gone to the shop.
पंछी आकाश (sky) में उडने ( fly)  वाले  हैं ।
(Panchee aakaash mein oodney waaley hain.)
 (The birds are going to fly in the sky.
हम कल ( tomorrow) अमेरिका जायेंगे । 
(Ham kal America jaayengey. ) 
We will go to America tomorrow.

समय का दुरूपयोग (misuse)  मत करो | ( Samay ka durupyog mat karo. )
 Do not misuse the time.

क्या तुम भी मेरे (me)  साथ चलोगे ? ( Kyaa tum bhee merey saath chalogey?)
Will you also come with me?

उसे देखते ही चोर( thief)  भाग गया | ( Usey dekhtey hee chor bhaag gaya. )
 The thief ran away seeing him.

मैने चैन ( respite) की सांस ली | ( Mainey chain kee saans lee.)
 i breathed in relief/respite.

वह  साइकिल पर सवार (riding) था ।  (Vah cycle par sawaar tha. )
 He was riding on a cycle.

वह ठण्ड से ठिठुरने ( freeze) लगा | (Vah thand sey thithurney lagaa.) 
He began to freeze in cold.

उसे चित्रकारी (painting) का शौक है | (Usey chitrakaaree ka shauk hai.)
 He is fond of painting.

उन्होने घड़ी (watch) पर नज़र डाली । ( Unhoney ghadee par nazar daalee.) 
They had a look at the watch.

माँ खाना पकाती (cooks) थी  ।(Maa khanaa pakaatee thee.) 
Mother used to cook the food.
हिरन तेज़ दौड़ा (ran)  । (Hiran tej dauda.) The deer ran fast.
सूर्योदय ( sunrise) होने  वाला है । (Suryoday honey waala hai. )
 It is about to sunrise.

Quizzes.
1. Write this sentence in feminine form:वह ठण्ड से ठिठुरने ( freeze) लगा |
2. Three synonym words for आकाश
3. Select two future tense related sentences from the above lesson.
4. Write this sentences in singular form and in present tense.:

मेरे पास दो तोते (parrots) थे  ।

S.Suresh Kumar

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शब्द का गठन (Shabd ka gathan)

सु (Su) = अच्छा (Achcha )i.e Well, Good, Fine 

सुपुत्र (Suputr) - noble son

सुशील ( susheel) good conduct

सुगंध (sugandh) good smell/fragrance

 सुबुद्धि ( subuddhi)  good sense/brain/intelligent/wise

 सुगम (Sugam) - easy

स्वच्छ (Svachh) - clean

अभि (Abhi) means सामने/ओर/अत्यधिक (Saamane/Aur/Atyadhik – In-front of, Toward, Too much

अभियोग (Abhiyog) charge/indictment

अभिलाषा (Abhilaasha) desire

अभिनय (Abhinay) acting

अभिशाप (Abhishaap) curse

अभिमान (Abhimaan) pride

अप (Ap) means बुरा/हीन (Bura/Hin – Bad/Poor)

अपवाद (Apvaad) -exception

अपमान (Apmaan) insult

अपकार (Apkaar) offense

अपराध (Apraadh) crime

अपशब्द (apshabd) abuse

अति (Ati) अधिक (Adhik – Extra) 

अत्याचार (Ayachaar) torture

अतिक्रमण (Atikaraman) encroachment

अतिरिक्त (Atirikt) extra

अतिवृष्टि , (ativrishti) excess rain

अनु (Anu) means पीछे/समान (Piche/Samaan – Behind/Equal) 

अनुपालन (anupaalan) compliance

अनुगमन ( anugaman) follow

अनुशासन (anushaasan) discipline

अनुराग (anuraag) affection

 अनुरोध (anuroadh) request

अनुभव (anubhav) experience

उप (Up with u as in upper)- निकट/छोटा (Nikat/Chhota) – Near/Small

 उपदेश (Updesh ) sermon/preaching 

उपग्रह (Upgrah) satellite 

उपनाम (Upnaam) nickname 

अव (Av) बुरा/हीन (Bura/Hin – Bad/Poor 

अवनति (Avnati) decline

अवज्ञा (Avgya) defiance

अवशेष (Avshesh) residue

अवगुण (Avgun) demerit

नि (Ni) means नीचे/निषेध (Niche/Nishedh) – Below/Forbidden

नियम (Niyam) rules

निरोध (Nirod) detention

निपात (Nipat) collapse

वि (Vi) - विशेष (Vishesh)– Special

विदेश (Videsh) " Desh-country but विदेश means foreign country(abroad)

विपक्ष (Vipaksh) opposite party: However, पक्ष means party

वियोग (Viyog) - separation: However, योग means sum

विवाद (Vivad) - controversy but वाद (cause) 

विज्ञान  (vigyaan ) - science but ज्ञान  )knowledge)

प्र (Pra) means अधिक/आगे (Adhik/Aagey) Extra/Ahead  

प्रगति (Pragati) progress 

प्रचार (Prachaar) Publicity 

प्रबल (Prabal) - strong 

प्रति (Prati) means विरुद्ध (Viruddh) means against: 

प्रतिकूल (Pratikul)-adverse

प्रतिकार (Pratikaar)- retribution/retaliation
प्रतिगामी (Pratigaami) retrogation

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{Suresh 490 } Some exquisite sentences  

कुछ उत्तम वाक्य ( Kucch uttam vaaky)

इस हकीकत (reality) पर यकीन (believe) करो । ( Is par yakeen karo.) 
Believe at this reality.

एक हाथी ने उसे पैरों तले (under) रौंद (trampled) दिया ।
(Ek haathee ney use pairon taley raund diya.)

 An elephant trampled him under the feet.

उसके मुंह से झाग (froth) बाहर निकल रहा है | ( uskey munhse jhaag nikal raha hai.)
The froth is coming out of his mouth.

बैरा ( waiter)  बख्शीश (tips)  चाहता  है ।  ( Baira bakhsheesh chahtaa hai. )
The waiter wants tips.

मैं नदी के सैलाब (overflow/flood/inundation) से  भयभीत हूँ  । 
( Main nadee ke sailaab se bhaybheet huun.)

I am afraid of the overflow/inundation of the river.

किसी भ्रम (illusion)  में मत रहो |
 ( Kisee bhram mein mat raho.)  Don't be under any illusion.

नजारा (sight) देखने लायक था | ( Njaaraa dekhney laayak tha. )
 The sight was worth seeing.

वह  एक भगोड़ा    है | ( Vah ek bagoda hai.) He is a fugitive.

बच्चे को देखकर मेरा गुस्सा पिघल (mellow) गया |
 (Bachhey ko dekhkar mera gussa pighal gaya. )

I mellowed down( anger melted) seeing the child.

 यह खुराक (dose) एक  दिन में दो बार ले लेना ।
 ( Yah khuraaq ek din mein do baar le lena. ) 
Take this dose twice ( two times) a day.

यह उम्दा (fine) ऊन  है |  (Yah umdaa oon hai. ) 
It is a fine wool.

 
GLOSSARY:

 झाग (jhaag) froth

 भगोड़ा  (bhagoda) fugitive

बख्शीश (bakhsheesh) tips

खुराक (khuraaq) dose

 उम्दा  (Umda) fine

S.Suresh Kumar

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कई शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द ( kayee shabdon ke liye ek shabd

जो किसी पक्ष में न हो  (jo kisee paksh mein na ho ); निष्पक्ष 
(nishpaksh) unbiased

हिंसा करने वाला (himsaa karney waalaa); हिंसक 
(himsak) violent

जिसकी उपमा न हो (Jskee upmaa na ho.): incomparable
 निरुपम (nirupam)

जिसे गुप्त रखा जाए (jisey gupt rakhaa jaay): गोपनीय (goapneey) 
confidential

तप करने वाला (tap karne wala) :तपस्वी (tapasvee) who does penance.

जो जन्म से अंधा हो (jo janm se andhaa ho) :जन्मांध (janmaandh)
 who is blind by birth

कीर्तिमान पुरुष (keertimaan purush)- renown/famous  person:  यशस्वी
 (yashasvee)  celebrity

हित चाहने वाला (hit chahney waala)- Who wants welfare of others:
 हितैषी (hitaishee) friend

बच्चों के लिए काम की वस्तु (baccho key liye kaam kee vastu): बालोपयोगी
 (baalopyogee)  useful for children

व्याकरण जाननेवाला (vyaakaran jaananey waala ) वैयाकरण (vaiyaakaran)
 person knowing grammar

जो स्वयं पैदा हुआ हो ( jo swayam paidaa hua ho.) स्वयंभू  (sayambhoo)
 self-born

कम खर्च करने वाला (kam kharch karney wala) :मितव्ययी 
(mitvyayee) frugal

फेन से भरा हुआ (fen sey  bharaa hua) :फेनिल (fenil)
frothy

प्रिय बोलने वाली स्त्री (priya bolney waalee stree) : प्रियंवदा (priyamvada)
 affectionate woman

मांस न खाने वाला (maans na khaaney waala): निरामिष (niraamish)
 vegetarian

ईश्वर पर विश्वास न रखने वाला (ishwar par vishwaas na rakhney waala) :
नास्तिक (naastik) atheist

जिसका कोई आधार न हो (jiskaa koyee aadhaar na ho): निराधार (niraadhaar)
 baseless

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{Suresh 488}   Nice sentences

अच्छे  वाक्य  (Acchhey vaaky)

तुम्हारी मेज पर अनगिनत  (countless) किताबें  हैं |  ( Tumhaaree mez par anginat kitaabein hain. )

There are countless books on your table.

भारत  में कई बड़े ( major) शहर ( cities) हैं |  (Bharat mein kayee badey shahar hain. )

There are several major cities in India.

क्या कमरा हवादार (airy) है ?   Kya kamaraa hawaadaar hai? ) is the room airy?

उस ग्राम ( village) में कितने घर हैं ?  ( Us graam mein kitney ghar hain?)

How many houses are  in that village?

दीवार (wall)  पर कितनी तस्वीरें  हैं ?  ( Deewaar par kitness tasveerein hain?)

How many pictures are on the wall?

उस दराज़ ( drawer) में क्या रखा है /? ( Us daraaz mein kya rakha hai?)

What is kept in that drawer?

वह लडकी बहुत होशियार ( smart) है | Vah ladkee bahut hoshiyaar hai. )

She is a very smart girl.

उसका कार्यालय  यहाँ से कुछ दूरी  ( distance) पर है|

( Uskaa kaaryaalay yahan se kuchh dooree par hai. )

His office is at some distance from here.

अशोक का ऐनक (spectacles) स्नानघर में छूट गया है | (Ashok ka ainak snaanghar mein chhoot gaya hai.)

Ashok’s spectacles is left out in the bathroom.

इस तस्वीर में कई घोडे नज़र ( seen)  आते  हैं  ।  ( is tasweer main kayee ghodey nazar aatey hain. )

There are many horses seen in this picture.

कार की कुंजी ( key) कहाँ है ?  ( Car kee kunjee kahan hain?) Where is the key to the car.

मैं ताला (lock) लगाना भूल गया | ( main taalaa lagaanaa bhool gaya. ) I forgot to put the lock.

आपका मिजाज (mood) आज कैसा है ?   (Aapkaa mijaaj aaj kaisaa hai?) How is your mood today?

तुम्हारे सामान (luggage) मेरे  कमरे में हैं | ( Tumhaarey saamaan merey kamarey mein hain. )

your luggage are in my room.

भूल (mistake/error/lapse) की इतनी कड़ी  ( severe) सजा (punishment) ,क्यों  ?

( Bhool kee itnee kadee saza ,kyon?  ) Why such a severe punishment for the mistake?

वह घोड़े पर बैठी ( sat) | ( vah ghodey par baithee. ) She sat on the horse.

GLOSSARY

दराज़ (daraaz) drawer
:
मिजाज (mizzaaz) - mood

भूल (bhool) mistake/error/lapse)

Quizzez

1.Synonym in Hindi for भूल.
2. Synonym for कुंजी .
3.Antonym for कुंजी.
4. Select two past tense related sentences from the above lesson.

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{Suresh 487}   Sentences using “KO”

“को ” को प्रयुक्त कर वाक्य ( “Ko,” ko prayukt kar vaky)

तुमको कैसे चोट ( hurt) लगी |

( Tumko kaise choat lagee?. )

How did you get hurt?

आपको घर पहुँचने  ( to reach)  में कितनी देर लगेगी ?

(Aapko ghar pahunchney mein kitned deyr lageygee.?)

How long  will it take  for you to reach home?)

आज किसको असुविधा ( inconvenience ) हुई ?

( Aaaj kisko  asuvidhaa huyee? )

Who had inconvenience today?

क्या उसको तुम्हारा नाम मालूम (know)  है ?
(Kya  usko tumhaaraa naam maalom hai? )
Does he know your name?

मुझको तुम्हारी सहेली (friend-f)  अच्छी लगी ।
(Mujhko tumhaaree sahelee achhee lagee.)  
I liked your friend.
उनको कई भाषाएँ (languages) आती हैं | 
Unko kayee bhaashaayein aatee hain.) 
They know several languages.

हमको कुछ नहीं (not) चाहिए ।
(Hamko kuchh nahin chahiye.)
 We do not want anything.

मुझको  उन दिनों की याद ( remember) आती है  |

( Mujhko un dinon kee yaad aatee hai. )

I miss (remember) those days.

मुझको वहां गए पांच साल (years) हो गए | 
(Mujhko vahan gaye paanch saal ho gaye.)
 It is five years since I went there.

मुझको चेन्नई  में रहते (living)  सात (seven) साल  हो गए  हैं । 
(Mujhko Chennai mein rahtey saat saal ho gaye hain.) 
Seven years have passed since I have been living in Chennai.

मुझको भी बुलाया (called) गया था |
 ( Mujhko bhee bulaayaa gaya tha. ) 
I was also called(invited.)

आपको पैसा चाहिए ( need) होगा |
 ( Aapko paisaa chahiye hoga. ) 
You will need money.

 मुझको  पैसे की सख्त (dire)  जरूरत थी | 
( Mujhko paise kee sakht jarurat thee.)
 I was in dire need of money.

उसको पैसा (money) चाहिए था  | 
(Usko paisa chahiye tha.) 
He needed money.( was in need)

मुझको अब जाकर तसल्ली (satisfied) हुई । 
(Muhko Ab jaakar tasallee huyee. ) 
I am satisfied now.

VOCABULARY:

गिला  (Gila) complaints

तसल्ली (tasallee) satisfied

सख्त (sakht) dire

मुझको भी बुलाया ( called) गया था |

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{Suresh 486}   Extremely useful sentences

अत्यंत उपयोगी वाक्य ( Atyant upyogee vaaky)
तुम सोचकर बोला (speak) करो | (Tum sochkar bola karo. )
Think before you speak.
आप सोचें एवं फिर बोलें | (Aap sochein evam fir bolein.)
You think and then speak, please.

मैं बहुत अकेलापन (lonely) महसूस (feel) करती हूँ ।
(Main bahut akelaapan mahsoos kartee huun.)
I feel very lonely.

मैं सड़क पर तुम्हारी बाट जोह (waiting ) रहा था ।
(Main sadak par tumhaaree baat joh raha tha.)
I was waiting for you on the road.

आमतौर ( usually) पर मैं रोज ( daily) अखबार ( newspaper) पढता हूँ ।
(Aaamtaurpar main roaj akhbaar padhtaa huun.)
I usually read a newspaper daily.

एक गड्ढा ( pit) बहुत गहरा(deeper) खोदा (dug) गया था ।
(Ek gadadhaa bahut gahara khodaa gaya tha.)
A much deeper pit was dug.

लाश ( dead-body) को मिट्टी ( soil) से ढक (cover) दो ।
(Laash ko mittee se dhak do.)
Cover the dead-body with the soil.

लाश को जलाकर राख (ashes) को लेते आना |
(Laash ko jalaakar raakh ko letey aanaa. )
After burning the dead-body ,bring the ashes.

इस कमरे का किराया ( rent) कितना है?
(Is kamarey ka kiraayaa kitnaa hai? )
How much is the rent for this room?

मेरे पास वक्त ( time) नहीं है ।
(Merey paas vakt nahin hai. )
I don’t have time.

मैं यह सुनकर आश्चर्यचकित ( surprised) हूँ ।
( Main yah sunkar aashcaryachakit huun.)
I am surprised to hear this.

शेर की मांद (den) से दूर रहा करो ।
(Sher kee maand sey door raha karo. )
Stay away from the lion’s den.

गरीब सुविधाओं से वंचित (deprived) रह जाते हैं |
(Gareeb suvidhaaon se vanchit rah jaatey hain.)
The poor are deprived of facilities.

आप अपने कुकर्मों (misdeeds) का एक निशान (trail) छोड़ रहे हैं ।
(Aaap apney kukarmon ka ek nishaan chhod rahey hain.)
You are leaving a trail of your misdeeds.

VOCABULARY
वंचित (vanchit) deprived
कुकर्मों ( Kukarmon) misdeeds

QUIZZES:

1.Synonym for  गरीब  ,  अखबार &   आश्चर्यचकित  in Hindi.

2. Antonym for सुविधाओं & also write in singular form.

3. Please translate this sentence in Hindi using some different words.

I was waiting for you on the road.

4. Please write in masculine:मैं बहुत अकेलापन (lonely) महसूस (feel) करती हूँ ।

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

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91 0 9840643690

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INTRODUCTION: Please be informed that  there are several words below which may have more than one meanings.

I would also request you to refer to : Hindi to English or English to Hindi per your need.

http://www.shabdkosh.com

http://translate.google.com

http://dict.hinkhoj.com

http://translation.babylon.com

http://hindi-english.org/

http://www.englishleap.com/dictionary/hindi_english

अत्यंत उपयोगी शब्द  ( Atyant upyogee shabd)

नफरत  (nafrat) hate
अफवाह (afvaah) rumour
 आशा (aashaa) hope
विनम्रता (vinamrataa) humility
हास्य (haasya) humour
चोट ( chot) injury
आदर्श (aadarsh) ideal
स्वभावगत (swabhaavgat) Idiosyncrasy
कल्पना (kalpanaa) imagination
सुधार (sudhaar ) improvement
आसक्ति  (aasakti) attachment
मुद्रास्फीति (murdrasfeeti) inflation
पागलपन (paagalpan) madness
बुद्धि (buddhi) intelligence
ईर्ष्या ( EErshirya) jealousy
 न्याय (nyaay ) justice
हँसी  (hansee) laughter

कानून ( kanoon) law
स्वतंत्रता ( swatantrata) freedom
जीवन (jeevan) life
हानि (haani) loss
निष्ठा (nishtaa) loyalty
विलासिता (vilaasita) luxury
परिपक्वता (paripakvata) maturity
स्मृति (smruti) memory
प्रेरणा (prenaa) inspiration
आंदोलन (aandolan) movement
आवश्यकता (aavashyaktaa) need
अवसरवाद (avasarwaad) opportunism
दर्द (dard) pain
धैर्य (dhairya) patience
ख़ासियत (khaasiyat) peculiarity
दृढ़ता ( dridhtaa)  persistence
निर्धनता (nirdhantaa)  poverty
 अभिमान (abhimaan)  pride
सिद्धांत (siddhaant) theory
वास्तविकता (vaastaviktaa) reality
मोचन (mochan) redemption
ताज़ा करना (taazz karna) refresh
विश्राम (vishraam) relaxation
राहत (raahat) relief
बहाली (bahaalee) reinstatement
त्याग (tyaag) sacrifice
उदासी (udaasee) sadness
मानसिक स्वास्थ्य  (maansik swaasthy) sanity
संवेदनशीलता (samvedansheeltaa) sensitivity
मूर्खता (moorkhtaa) stupidity
कौशल (kaushal) skill
गुलामी (gulaamee) slavery
चमक (chamak ) brightness
सट्टा (satta) speculation
गति (gati) speed
सख़्ती (sakhtee) severity

प्रस्तुत (prastut) presented
आश्चर्य (aashchary) surpise
सहानुभूति (sahanubhuti) sympathy
थकान (thakaan)  fatigue
अनिश्चितता (anischitata) uncertaintity
बेरोज़गारी (berojgaare) unemployment
वास्तविकता (vaastavikta) Reality
सावधानी (saavdhaanee)  caution
कमजोरी (kamjoree)  weakness
थकावट (thakaavat) exhaustion

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

91 0 9840643690

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INTRODUCTION: Please be informed that  there are several words below which may have more than one meanings.

I would also request you to refer to : Hindi to English or English to Hindi per your need.

http://www.shabdkosh.com

http://translate.google.com

http://dict.hinkhoj.com

http://translation.babylon.com

http://hindi-english.org/

http://www.englishleap.com/dictionary/hindi_english

अत्यंत उपयोगी शब्द  ( Atyant upyogee shabd)

बचपन ( Bachpan) childhood
स्पष्टता (spashtataa) clarity
शीतलता ( sheetaltaa) coldness
आराम ( aaraam) rest
संचार (sanchaar) communication
संतोष (santosh) satisfaction
अपराध ( apraadh) crime
जिज्ञासा ( jigyaasa)curiosity
मौत ( maut) death
छल (chhal) deception
समर्पण (samarpan) dedication    PS: Also surrender
हार (haar) defeat
सुख ( sukh) happiness
लोकतंत्र (loktantr) democracy
निराशा ( nirashaa) disappointment
दृढ़ संकल्प (drudh sankalp) determination
निपुणता  (nipunataa) dexterity/ skillfullness
तानाशाही ( taanaashahee ) dictatorship
निराशा (niraashaa ) disappointment/despair
भक्ति (Bhakti ) devotion

आराधना/(aaraadhna)  इबादत (Ibaadat) worship
आस्था (asthaa) belief

उत्कृष्टता ( utkrushtataa ) excellent
सौंदर्य ( saundarya) beauty
ज्ञान ( gyaan) knowledge
श्रद्धा (shraddha) /विश्वास  (vishwass) faith
संबंध (sambandh ) relationship
दिव्य (divya) Divine
ऊर्जा  ( Urjaa ) energy
आभार ( aabhaar ) gratitude
अजेय ( ajeya ) invincible
आत्मविश्वास (aatmavishwaas) self confidence
विस्मय (Vismay)  Amaze
क्रोध (kroadh) Anger
चिंता ( chintaa)  concern/worry
शंका ( shankaa)  doubt
वीरता (Veertaa) bravery
निर्दयता (nirdayataa) brutality
शांत (shaant) calm
अराजकता ( araajaktaa) chaos
परोपकार  ( paroapkaar) charity

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

91 0 9840643690

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INTRODUCTION: Please be informed that  there are several words below which may have more than one meanings.

I would also request you to refer to the links: Hindi to English or English to Hindi per your need.

http://www.shabdkosh.com

http://translate.google.com

http://dict.hinkhoj.com

http://translation.babylon.com

http://hindi-english.org/

http://www.englishleap.com/dictionary/hindi_english

http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/caturvedi/

अत्यंत उपयोगी शब्द  ( Atyant upyogee shabd)

अशांति ( ashaanti) disturbance
शिक्षा (shikshaa) education
अहंकार (ahankaar ) ego
लालित्य (laalitya) elegance
वृद्धि (vriddhi) increase
बुराई ( buraayee) evil
उत्तेजना (uttejnaa) stimulation
विफलता (vifaltaa) failure
मोह (moh) fascination
पक्षपात (pakshpaat) bias
डर (dar) fear

 माफी (maafee) forgiveness
भंगुरता (bhangurtaa) brittleness
दोष (dosh) defect
स्वतंत्रता (swatantraa) freedom
दोस्ती ( dostee) friendship
उदारता (Udaartaa) generosity
अच्छाई (acchhyee ) goodness
गपशप (gapshap) gossip
दु: ख (dukh) affliction,sorrow,

क्षमता (kshamtaa) ability

दयालुता ( Dayalutaa) kindness
नेतृत्व  ( netrutv) lead
प्रचुरता  (prachurtaa) abundance
प्रतिभा (pratibhaa) talent
रचनात्मकता  (rachnaatmakataa) creativity
उत्साह (utsaarh ) enthusiasm

 जोश ( josh) passion

संभावना ( sambhaavnaa ) possibility
शक्ति (shakti ) power
प्रभुत्व  (prabhutv) dominance
आत्म सम्मान (aatm samman) self esteem/respect
सेवा ( Sevaa)   service
साहसिक कार्य  (saahsik kaary) Adventure
ईमानदारी (Eemaandaaree) integrity
आनंद (Anand ) pleasure
शांति (shanti)  peace
समझ (samajh) understanding
जीवंत (jeevant) live
शानदार (shaandaar) spectacular
साहस (saahas) courage

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

91 0 9840643690

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{Suresh 482}   Extremely useful sentences

अत्यंत उपयोगी वाक्य ( Atyant upyogee vaaky)

मै बीमार (sick) हूँ |(Main beemaar huun.) I am sick.

 एक दुपट्टे (scarf) से सर को ढक लो । (Ek dupattey se sar ko dhak lo.) 
Cover the head with a scarf.

मुझे दर्द महसूस (feeling)हो रहा है । (Mujhey dard mahsoon ho raha hai.)
  I am feeling pain.

सर से टोपी ( cap) उतारो |(Sar sey topee  utaaro.)
 Remove the cap/hat from the head.

मेरे पैर ठंडे ( cold) हैं । (Merey paiyr thandey hain.)
 My feet are cold.

किस तरह का मौसम (weather) है? (Kis tarah ka mausam hai?) 
What's the weather like?

कपडे बदलने(change) का कमरा कहाँ है ? 
(Kapdadey badalney ka kamaraa kahan hai?)
Where is the room to change the clothes?

मैं पहनकर (wear) देखना चाहता / चाहती हूँ |
(Main pahankar dekhtaa chahtaa /chahtee huun.) 
 I want to try (wear)  it on.

 मैं उड़ान (flying) से डरता हूँ |
 (Main udaan se dartaa huun.)
 I am afraid of flying.

 मेरा सामान (luggage) क्षतिग्रस्त (damaged) हो गया |
( Meraa saamaan kshatigrast ho gaya.)
My luggage got damaged.

मुझे वह उतना पसंद (like) नहीं है |
(Mujhey vah utnaa pasand nahin hai.) 
I don't like that much.

मुझे अकेला( alone)  रहना पसंद है ।
(Mujhey akleaa rahnaa pasand hai.)
I like to be alone.

मैं आप के साथ और समय बिताना (spend) चाहती हूँ । 
(Main aapkey saath aur samay bitaanaa chahtee huun.)

I want to spend more time with you.

ओछी (petty) बातों पर समय जाया (waste) मत करो ।
(Ochhee baaton par samay jaayaa mat karo.)

Don't waste time on petty things.

आप खाली (free)  समय में क्या करते हैं?
(Aaap khalee samay mein kya kartey hain?)
 What do you do in free time (leisure) ?

आप के कितने भाई- बहन (siblings)  हैं?
(Aap key kitney bhayee bahan hain.? )
 How many siblings you have?

 माँ  ने  अपने  बेटे से पूछा कि वह सारा ( all) दिन कहाँ था | 
(Maa ney apney betey se poochha ki vah saaraa din kahan tha.)

The mother asked her son that where was he all the day.

 उसकी निंदा ( condemn) मत करो, वह निरपराधी (innocent) है ।
 (Uskee nindaa mat karo, vah nirparaadhee hai.) 
Don't condemn him, he is innocent.

VOCABULARY:

दुपट्टे ( dupattey) scarf

क्षतिग्रस्त  ( kshatigrast) damaged

निरपराधी (nirparaadhee) innocent

निंदा ( Ninda) condemn
Quizzes

1.Antonym for निरपराधी in Hindi.
2. Make a sentence using synonym for बिताना & then explain the meaning.
3. Synonym for जाया  in Hindi.
4. Synonym for बीमार in Hindi.Also make a sentence using that Hindi word in Hindi.

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

91 0 9840643690

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2. {Suresh 327 } Extremely useful sentences – To write {Suresh  327 } Extremely useful sentences- लिखना  ( likhana ) to...
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{Suresh 481}   Very useful sentences

अति उपयोगी वाक्य  (Ati upyogee vaaky)

अशोक  ने पत्र (letter) भेजा है। ( Ashok ney patr bhejaa hai.)

Ashok has sent a letter.

मैंने भोजन (food) किया है। (Mainey bhojan kiya hai.)
 I have taken the food.

श्याम  रोटी खाता (eats) है। (Shyaam rotee khaataa hai. ) 
Shyam eats the bread.

मैं (I)  जाती  हूँ। (Main jaatee huun. ) 
I go. - feminine

माधव  ने सावित्री  को बुलाया (called) है। 
(Madhav ney Saavitree ko bulaayaa hai.)  
Madhav has called saavithree.

उसने पानी को छाना (filtered) है। 
( Usney paanee ko chhaana hai.) 
He has filtered the water.

रमेश  पुस्तक पढ़ता (reads) है।  (Ramesh pustak padhta hai.)
Ramesh reads a book.

मेरे द्वारा( by) यह कार्य हुआ है। (Merey dwaara yah kaary hua hai)
This work has been done by me.

मैने कलम ( pen) से पत्र लिखा है। (Mainey kalam se patgr likha hai.)
 I have written a letter with a pen.

भूखे ( hungry) व्यक्ति के लिए रोटी लाओ। 
(Bhookey vyakti ke liye rotee laao.)
 Bring the bread for the hungry person.

राजू शंकर  को किताब ( book)  देता है। 
(Raju Shankar ko kitaab deta hai.)
 Raju gives the book to Shankar.

मैं बाज़ार को जा रहा हूँ। (Main baazaar ko jaa raha huun.)
 I am going to the market.

पेड़ से पत्ते गिरे।(fell) ( Ped se pattey girey.)
 The leaves fell from the tree.

लडकी छत (roof) से गिरी है। (Ladkee chhat sey giree hai.)

The girl has fallen from the roof.

में अधिकोष (bank) से रुपये लाया हूँ।
(Main adhikosh se rupaye laaya huun.) 
 I have brought the money from the bank.

गीता के बच्चे नटखट (naughty) हैं ।
(Geeta key bacchey natkhat hain.) 
Geeta's children are naughty.

मेरा लड़का विदेश (abroad) में है ।
(Mera ladka videsh mein hai.) 
My son is in abroad.

हमारे बच्चे यहाँ (here) नहीं हैं । 
(Merey bacchey yahan nahin hain.) 
Our children are not here .

अपने लड़के को बुलाओ (call) । 
(Apney ladkey ko bulaao.)
Call your son. 

मकान  में दीपक जल रहा है। 
(Makaan mein deepak jal raha hai.)
The lamp is burning in the house.

घर  पर कपड़े सूख ( dry) रहे हैं।
(Ghar par kapdey sookh rahey hain.)
 The clothes are getting dried at home.

मुझमें शक्ति बहुत कम है। 
(Mujhmein shakti bahut kam hai.)
I have very little strength/power.

हे ईश्वर! कृपा करो।
(Hey Ishwar ! krupa karo !) 
 Oh, God, help !

अरे राधेश्याम ! इधर आओ।
(Arey Raadheyshyaam  ! idhar aao ! ) 
 Oh Raadehyshyaam !  come here !

अजी ! तुम उसे क्या मारोगे?
( Ajee ! Tum usey kya maarogey? )
 Hey ! Why will you hit him?

VOCABULARY:

पत्ते (pattey) leaves

गिरे (girey) fell

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

91 0 9840643690

Related posts:

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{Suresh 480}  My favourite Bollywood song: Don’t tell a lie, have to go to the God by Late Mukeshjee

सजन  ( lover) रे झूठ  ( lie/bluff ) मत बोलो, खुदा  ( god) के पास जाना है| (Sajan rey jhooth mat bolo, khudaa ke paas jaana hai.)

• Movie: Teesri Kasam
• Singer(s): Mukesh
• Music Director: Shankar, Jaikishan
• Lyricist: Shailendra 
• Actors/Actresses: Raj Kapoor
• Year/Decade: 1966

www.youtube.com/watch?v=KirPb5GUUkQ

सजन  ( lover) रे झूठ  ( lie/bluff ) मत बोलो, खुदा  ( god) के पास जाना है|

(Sajan rey jhooth mat bolo, khuda ke paas jaana hai.)

Oh, lover, do not tell a lie, need to go to the God/Almighty.
न हाथी ( elephant) है ना घोड़ा  ( horse) है, वहाँ पैदल ( on foot) ही जाना है|

(Na haathee hai naa ghodaa hai, vahan paidal hee jaana hai.

( There is neither the elephant nor the horse, have to go  there on foot only.

तुम्हारे महल चौबारे, यहीं रह जाएंगे सारे – २,

(Tumhaarey mahal chaubaarey, yaheen rah jaayengey saarey-2)

Your palace, wealth etc, all will remain here.-2
अकड़ किस बात कि प्यारे,?

(Akad kis baat kee pyaarey)

Why are you obstinate/strut/swagger,lover?

अकड़ ( strut) किस बात की  प्यारे, ये सर फिर ( still) भी झुकाना ( bow) है|

(Akad kis baat kee pyaare, ye sir fir bhee jhukaana hai.)

Why are you obstinate/strut/swagger,lover?,this head still needs to be bowed.
सजन रे झूठ मत बोलो, खुदा के पास जाना है …  repeated

Sajan rey jhooth mat bolo, khuda ke paas jaana hai.)

Oh, lover, do not tell a lie, need to go to the God/Almighty.

भला कीजै भला होगा, बुरा कीजै बुरा होगा – २

(Bhalaa keejaiy bhalaa hogaa, buraa keejaiy buraa hogaa.)-2

Do good, good will happen, do bad, bad will happen -2

बही  ( book of accounts) लिख लिख के क्या होगा?

(Bahee likh likh key kya hogaa?)

What will happen writing books.(accounts)

बही लिख लिख के क्या होगा, यहीं सब कुछ चुकाना ( to pay)  है|

(Bahee likh likh key kyaa hogaa, yaheen sab kuchh chukaanaa hai.)

What will happen writing books.(accounts), have to repay everything here.
सजन रे झूठ मत बोलो, खुदा के पास जाना है …  repeated

Sajan rey jhooth mat bolo, khuda ke paas jaana hai.)

Oh, lover, do not tell a lie, need to go to the God/Almighty.

लड़कपन ( childhood) खेल में खोया ( lost) , जवानी ( young age) नींद ( sleep) भर सोया ( slept) – २

(Ladakpan khel mein khoyaa, jawaanee neend bhar soya)-

The childood lost playing, slept entire young age(means did not do any job.)

बुढ़ापा ( old age) देख कर रोया| (budhaapaa dekh kar roya.) Cried seeing the old age.

बुढ़ापा देख कर रोया, वही किस्सा ( story) पुराना ( old) है| (Budhaapaa dekh kar roya, vahee kissaa puraana hai.)

Cried seeing the old age., that fable is old( means same old story.)

सजन रे झूठ मत बोलो, खुदा के पास जाना है|  repeated

Sajan rey jhooth mat bolo, khuda ke paas jaana hai.)

Oh, lover, do not tell a lie, need to go to the God/Almighty.

न हाथी है ना घोड़ा है, वहाँ पैदल ही जाना है| -repeated

(Na haathee hai naa ghodaa hai, vahan paidal hee jaana hai.

( There is neither the elephant nor the horse, have to go  there on foot only.
सजन रे झूठ मत बोलो, खुदा के पास जाना है …  repeated

Sajan rey jhooth mat bolo, khuda ke paas jaana hai.)

Oh, lover, do not tell a lie, need to go to the God/Almighty.

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

91 0 9840643690

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{Suresh 479}  Nice sentences अच्छे वाक्य (Acchey vaaky)

तुम्हें इस भूल (mistake) की सजा (punishment) अवश्य मिलेगी | ( Tumhein is bhool kee saza avashya milegee. )

You will be punished for this mistake surely.

मैंने इसमें एक त्रुटि (error) देखी है । (Mainey ismein ek truti dekhee hai. ) I have seen an error in this.

तुम बार बार यही गलती (mistake) करते हो । ( tum baar baar yahee galatee kartey ho. )

You make the same mistakes time and again.

आप मेरे (me) बारे में क्या जानते हैं ? ( Aaap merey baarey mein kya jaanatey hain?)

What do you know about (regarding ) me?

तुम इस बार भी अपने लक्ष्य ( target) से चूक ( missed) गए | ( Tum is baar bhee apney lakshya se chook gaye. )

You missed this time also from your target.

मैं तुम्हारी झील ( lake) सी आँखों  (eyes) में खो चुका हूँ । ( main tumhaaree jheel see aankhon mein kho chukaa huun.

I am lost in your eyes like lake.

तुम नहीं जानते कि तुमने क्या खोया (lost ) है ? ( Tum nahin jaanatey ki tumney kya khoya hai?)

You don’t know that what you have lost?

क्या आपने कभी किसी से प्रेम ( love) किया है ? ( Kya aapney kabhee kisee se prem kiya hai?)

Have you ever loved someone?

क्या तुमने कभी किसी से प्यार किया  ? ( Kya tumney kabhee kisee se pyaar kiya ?) Did you love someone

ever?

मामला  जटिल  होता  जा  रहा  है | (Maamlaa jatil hotaa jaa raha hai.) The matter is getting complicated.

वह गुस्से में उबल रही थी  | ( Vah gussey mein ubal rahee thee.) She was boiling in anger/rage .

मुझे मत ठुकराओ । ( Mujhey mat thukraao.) Don’t reject me.

हमारी अवहेलना न करें तो बेहतर होगा | ( Hamaaree avhelnaa na karein to behtar hogaa.) 
It would be better if we are not ignored,please. 

तुम  हमेशा अनदेखी (overlook) किया करती  हो | ( Tum hameshaa andekhee kiya kartee ho.)
 You always overlook/ignore. 

VOCABULARY:

चूक ( chook) miss

जटिल ( jatil) complex

उबल ( ubal) boil
ठुकराओ ( thukraao) reject

अवहेलना (avhelnaa) ignore

अनदेखी ( Andekhee ) overlook

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

91 0 9840643690

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{Suresh 478}  Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansee Vol.II-final

झांसी की रानी लक्ष्मीबाई  ( Jhansee kee raanee Lakshmi Bai)

Continued from lesson no.477:

डलहौजी  ने राज्य हडप  ( usurp) करने  का अच्छा अवसर ( opportunity) पाया |
(Dalhousie ne raajy hadap karney ka accha avasar paaya. )
Dalhousie got a good opporutnity to  usurp the kingdom.

उसने तुरंत ( immediately) फौज (army) भेजकर दुर्ग  ( fort) पर अपना झंडा ( flag)  फहराया  |
(Usnay turant fauz bhejkar durg par apna jhanda fahraaya.)
He immediately sent the army to the fort and did the flag hoisting.

अंग्रेजों ने  रानी  की  एक भी अनुनय -विनय ( request) नहीं  सुनी |
(Angrejon nay ranee kee ek bhee anunay-vinay nahin sunee.)
The British did not pay heed to any request of the queen.

रानी अब दासी ( slave) बन गयी|
Ranee ab dasee ban gayee )
Now the queen became the slave..

अंग्रेजों ने  राजधानी  दिल्ली , लखनऊ , नागपुर, उदयपुर . तंजोर  सतारा,
कर्नाटक   छीन ( snatched) ली.|
(Angrejon Rajdhanee Delhi,  Lucknow, Nagpur, Udaipur, Tanjore,Satara,Karnataka chheen lee.)
British snatched the capital Delhi,Lucknow,Nagpur,uUdaipur, Tanjore,Satara,Karnataka .

सिंध ,पंजाब  , बंगाल,  और मद्रास  पर  वज्रपात  ( thunderbolt) हो  चुका था |

(Sindh, Punjab, Bengal aur Madras, par vajrapaat ho chukaa tha.)
The Sindh, Punjab,Bengal and Madras had already thunderbolt(in the
custody of British)

अब  अंग्रेजों के अत्याचार ( atrocities) के विरुद्ध ज्वाला  (flame) सुलगने  (smoldering) लगी|
(Ab Angrejon ke atyachaar ke virdudh jwala sulagney lagee.)

The flame now already started ( began) smoldering against the atrocities of British.

झाँसी , दिल्ली , लखनऊ,, कानपूर , पटना ,जबलपुर ,  कोल्हापुर
भारत के कई जगहों पर .स्वतंत्रता  की  चिंगारी  (spark) भड़क (erupted) उठी |

(Jhaansee, Delhi, Lucknow, Kanpur, Patna, Jabalpur, Kolhapur,  Bharat key kai jagahon par

swatantrata kee chingaaree bhadak uthee.)

The  spark of freedom had erupted  in  Jhansee, Dille, Lucknow,Kanpur,
Patna, Jabalpur,Kolhapur , several places in India

नाना   , तांत्या , चतुर , अजीमुल्लाह  सरनाम ,अहमदशाह  मौलवी , ठाकुर  कुंवर  सिंह ,
सैनिक  अभिराम  ने अपने   जीवन   का    बलिदान  (sacrificed ) कर दिया |
(Nana, Tantya, Chatur, Azimullah sarnaam, Ahmedshaah Maulvee, Thakur
Kunwar Singh,Sanik Abhiram  ney apney jeevan ka balidaan kar diya.)

Nana, Tantya, Chatur, Azimullah sarnaam, Ahmedshaah Maulvee, Thakur
Kunwar Sing, Sainik Abhiram  sacrificed  their life.

झाँसी  के लड़ाई के मैंदान (field) में  लक्ष्मीबाई  संग्राम (battle) के लिए तैयार हो गयी |
(Jhansee ke ladai ke maidaan mein Lakshmeebai sangraam  ke liye
taiyaar ho gayee |
Lakshmeebai became ready   for war in the battle field of Jhansee

लेफ्टिनेंट वाकर रानी  के तलवार ( sword) से ज़ख़्मी  ( wounded) होकर  भाग गया |
(Lt. Walker  ranee ke talwaar se jakhmee hokar bhaag gaya.)
Lt. Walker ran way after getting  wounded from  Queen’s sword .

वह हैरान ( amazed) था | (Vah hairaan tha.) He was amazed .

रानी का घोडा ( horse) कालपी में थक कर भूमि  ( ground) पर गिर  (fell) गया

और तत्काल  ( at once) स्वर्ग सिधार गया  ( died) |
(Ranee ka ghoda kaalpee mein thak kar bhumi par gir gaya aur tatkaal
swarg sidhaar gaya. )

At Kalpie, the queen’s horse fell onto the ground  after becoming
tired and immediately passed away.

यमुना  के तट ( banks) पर रानी ने फिर  (again) अंग्रेजों को हरा दिया  ( defeated)

और ग्वालियर पर अधिकार ( conquered) कर लिया |
(Ymuna ke tat par ranee ney phir angrejon ko hara diya aur gwaliyar
par adhikaar kar liya. )

Rani  defeated the British again and  conquered
at Gwalior  on the banks of Yamuna.

अब ( now) जनरल  स्मिथ  सम्मुख  ( in front) था |
(Ab General Smith sammukh tha. )

Now General Smith was in front.

काना  और  मंदंरा जो  रानी के साथ आयी थी  ने जमकर लड़ाई ( fought hard) की |
(Kaana aur Mandra jo ranee ke saath aayee thee, ne jamkar ladayee kee. )
Kaana and Mandra who had come  together  with Ranee  fought hard.

पर पीछे ( behind) हुघ्रोस  आ गया  और रानी अब घिर ( surrounded) गयी |
(Par peechhey Hughros aa gaya aur Ranee ab ghir gayee.)

But Hughros arrived  from behind and  now the queen was surrounded.

रानी शत्रुओं को मार कर आगे ( ahead) बढ़ती  (proceeding) जा रही थी |
(Ranee shatruon ko maar kaat kar aagey badhtee jaa rahee thee. )
Ranee was proceeding ahead by  killing the  enemies.

परन्तु सामने खाई आया , नया घोडा अडा ( did not budge) |
(Parantu saamney khayee  aaya, naya ghoda ada.)
But ditch( trench) came before, new horse did not budge.

रानी घायल होकर गिर पडी  और वीरगति ( brave death) को प्राप्त किया i
(Ranee ghaayal hokar gir padee aur virgati ko praapt kiya.)
Ranee fell after becoming injured and  received a brave death.

उसने लडते लडते अपना जान न्योछावर ( sacrificed ) कर दिया|
(Usnay ladtey ladtey apna jaan nyochaavar kar diya.)
She sacrificed her life by fighting.

VOCABULARY:

अनुनय -विनय ( anunay-vinay) request

सम्मुख ( sammukh) in front

वीरगति (veergati) brave death

न्योछावर (Nyochhavar) sacrifice
.

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{Suresh 477}  Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansee Vol.I

Introduction:I visited Jhansi  some  20 years back when my brother-in-law was posted there in Indian army. Check for more info about Jhansi here: :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jhansi

Ref:

Check this:http://www.bundelkhand.in/portal/POEM/khoob-ladi-mardani-woh-to-jhansi-wali-rani-thi

http://allpoetry.com/poem/8586979-Jhansi_Ki_Rani__With_English_Translation_-by-Subhadra_Kumari_Chauhan

http://allpoetry.com/poem/8586977-Jhansi_Ki_Rani__With_English_Translation_II__-by-Subhadra_Kumari_Chauha

झांसी की रानी लक्ष्मीबाई  ( Jhansee kee raanee Lakshmi Bai)

झांसी की रानी लक्ष्मी बाई अपने माता पिता की अकेली संतान  ( child) थी|
(Jahanse kee ranee lakshmeebai apney maata pit kee akelee santaan thee.)

Rani Lakshmi Bai,was the  the only child  of her parents .

वह बुन्देल  खंड   की थी|.
(Vah Bundelkhan kee thee)
She was from Bundel khand.

वह कानपूर के नाना साहेब की मुंह बोली  ( like own) बहन थी|
(Vah Kanpur ke Nana Saheb kee munh bolee bahan thee.)
She was  like  own sister of Nana saheb of Kanpur.

वह नाना साहेब के साथ पढी ( studied ) एवं खेली ( played ) थी|
(Vah nanda saheb ke saath padhee evam khele thee.)
She had studied and played with Nana Saheb.

बरछी, ढाल,कृपाण,(saber) कटारी  ( शस्त्र )उसकी सहेली ( female friend ) थी|
(Barchee, dhaal krupaan, kataaree, uskee sahelee theein. )

Pike, shield, saber, rapier/dagger ( weapons) etc. were her friends.

वीर शिवाजी की गाथाएँ ( stories) उसे मुंह जबानी याद थी|
(Veer Shivajee kee gaathayen usy munh jabaanee yaat thee.
She had learnd by-heart the stories of brave Shivaji.

वह स्वयं वीरता  ( Valor) का  अवतार ( incarnation) थी |
(Vah swayam veerta ka avtaar thee.)
She was herself an  incarnation(embodiment) of  valor.

सन १८५७ में उसने आजादी ( independence ) के लिए  अंग्रेजों के विरुद्ध   ( against ) विद्रोह  ( revolt ) कर दिया|
(San 1857 mein  usnay aazzadee ke liye angrejon ke virudh vidroh kar diya)
She revolted against British for the indepedence in 1857

नकली ( fake) युद्ध व्यूह की रचना ,सैन्य  ( army) घेरना ( surround ),  दुर्ग ( fort) तोडना उसके लिए खिलवाड़ था|
(Naklee yuddh , vyuh kee rachna, sanya gherna, durg todna uskay liye
khilwaad tha.
it was a playful thing for her to create fake war strategy,encompass
the army,breaking of fort.

वह    विवाह के बाद झांसी   आ गई |
(Vah vivaah  ke baad Jhansee aa gayee.
She came to Jhaansee after marriage.|

लक्ष्मीबाई को चूड़ियाँ ( bangles ) कभी पसंद नहीं आयी |
Lakshmeebai ko chudiyaan kabhee pasand nahin aayee.
Lakshmeebai never liked bangles.

वह विधवा ( widow ) हो गयी |
(Vah vidhwa ho gayee)
She became widow

राजाजी  निसंतान  ( issueless ) मरे  |
(Rajajee nisantaan mare.)
The king died issuless.

VOCABULARY:

विद्रोह (vidroh) revolt

दुर्ग (durg) fort

PS:  The remaining part of story continues onto next lesson no.478.

S.Suresh Kumar

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{Suresh 476}   Useful sentences  =उपयोगी वाक्य  (Upyogee vaaky)

उसके अत्याचार ( atrocities ) ने मुझे छठी का दूध याद दिलाया है  |

( Usekey atyaachaar ney muhey chhathee kaa doodh

yaad dilaaya hai. ) His atrocities have  made me forget all happiness.

वह एक शर्मीली  ( shy) युवती  है | ( vah ek sharmeelee yuvatee hai. ) She is a shy young woman.

मेरे हुक्म ( order) की तामील  ( carry out) की जाय । (Merey hukum kee taamleel kee jaay.)

Carry out my orders.

रुकावट ( interruption) के लिए खेद है ।  ( Ruakaavat ke liye khed hai.) 
 Sorry for the interruption. ( Interruption is regretted.)

 इस दहलीज़ (entrance of the house) पर कभी पाँव रखना नहीं । 
( Is dahleez par kabhee paanv rakhnaa nahin. )  
Never keep (set) foot on this threshold.(entrance of the house)

उसकी शक्ल ( face) तुमसे हूबहू ( exactly) मिलती है । 
(Uskee shakl tumsey hoobahoo miltee hai.)

His face exactly matches with you. ( He resembles you.)

फूल कुम्हला ( withered) गए | ( Fool kumhlaa gaye.) The flowers withered/faded.

हम भूख हड़ताल ( strike) पर रहेंगे । ( ham bhookh hadtaal par rahengey. )
 We will be on a hunger strike. 

ज्यादा उदार( generous) मत बनो । (Jyaadaa udaar mat bano.) 
Don't be too generous/lenient. 

यदि बारिश होगी तब  फसल (crops)  अच्छी होगी | 
(Yadi baarish hogee tab fasal acchee hogee.)
If it will rain, then crops will be good. 

मैने लाशों ( corpses) के ढेर ( heaps) देखे हैं । 
(Mainey laashon ke dher dekhey hain. ) 
I have seen heaps of corpses.

यह आडम्बर( hypocrisy) के सिवा कुछ नहीं । 
(Yah aadambar ke sivaa kuchh nahin.)
 It is nothing but hypocrisy. 

यह बहुत बुरा (bad) नहीं है | ( yah bahut buraa nahin hai. ) It is not very bad. 

यदि आप नहीं आएँगे, तो मैं जाऊँगा ( will go) | ( Yadi aap nahin aayengey , to main jaaungaa. )
 If you won't come, then I will go. 

VOCABULARY:

अत्याचार (atyaachaar) atrocities

शर्मीली ( sharmeeelee) shy
दहलीज़  ( dahleez ) entrance of the house

शक्ल (shakl) face

हूबहू ( hoobahoo)exactly

कुम्हला (kumhala) wither/fade

हड़ताल  (hardtaal) strike

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स्वरों को जोड़ना - हिंदी में ( Swaron ko jodna) - Hindi mein.

Short joining of vowels: Joining of अ (a) and आ (aa)"

अन्न (Ann)  Food Grain) + अभाव (Abhaav) Scarcity = अन्नाभाव (Annabhaav) Scarcity of Food Grain

गिरि (Giri) Mountain + ईश (eesh ) God  = गिरीश (Gireesh) God of Mountains

नदी (Nadee) River + ईश (eesh)  God = नदीश (Nadeesh) – God of Rivers

 रेखा (Rekha) Line + अंकित (Aankit) Marked = रेखांकित (Rekhaankit) Underlined

परम (Param) Ultimate + आत्मा (Aatma) Spirit = परमात्मा (Parmaatma) Supreme God

गुरु (Guru) Master/Teacher + उपदेश (Updesh)  Lesson = गुरूपदेश (Gurupdesh) Lesson of the teacher

वधू (Vadhoo) Bridal + उत्सव (Utsav)  Celebration = वधूत्सव (Vadhootsav) Bridal Celebration

 (गुण संधि – Gun Sandhi)- Attribute joining;This joining combines the two vowels to 
produce diphthong (संयुक्त स्वर – Sanyukt Svar) in Hindi.

अ (a) + ई (ī) = ए (ē): परम (Param ) Supreme + ईश्वर (Eeshwar ) God ) = परमेश्वर (Parmeshwar)  Supreme God

आ (ā) + इ (i) = ए (ē): राजा (Raja) King + इंद्र (Indra( name of a  God = राजेंद्र (Rajēndra) King of Gods

आ (ā) + ई (ī) = ए (ē): महा (Maha) great + ईश (Ish) God) = महेश (Mahesh )Great God

 आ (ā) + उ (u) = ओ (ō) : महा (Maha) Great + उत्सव (Utsav) Festival = महोत्सव (Mahōtsav) Great Festival

अ (a) + उ (u) = ओ (ō) :सूर्य (Surya) Sun + उदय (Uday) Rise) = सूर्योदय (Suryoday) Sunrise

Elaboration Joining (वृद्धि संधि – Varidhi Sandhi:This joining combines a vowel and 
diphthong to produce diphthong

 (संयुक्त स्वर – Sanyukt Svar) in Hindi.

 अ (a) + ए (ē) = ऐ (ai):एक (Ek ) One + एक (Ek ) One = एकैक (Ekaik) One to one

 आ (ā) + ए (ē) = ऐ (ai):सदा (Sadaa) Ever + एव (Ev) – And = सदैव (Sadaiv) Always

 अ (a) + ऐ (ai) = ऐ (ai): मत (Mat)– Mind, Vote, Idea,opinion) + ऐक्य (Aiky) Communion)
 = मतैक्य (Mataiky) – Consensus)

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 Introduction:  Please note this is not a real story, fictitious one, I drafted for the purpose of lesson only.

 एक बच्चे का  अपहरण - बातचीत ( Ek bacchey ka apharan) - baatcheet

Kidnapping of a child-conversation

अपहरणकर्ता : मुझे पांच लाख रुपये फिरौती (ransom) के रूप में चाहिए ।

(Apharankartaa:) Mujhey paanch laakh rupaye firautee ke roop mein chahiye.)

Kidnapper: I want five lakh rupees in the form of ransom.

इसके एवज में मैं तुम्हें तुम्हारे बच्चे  को सही सलामत /हालत में लौटा सकता हूँ ।

(Iskey evaj mein  main tumhein tumhaarey bacchey ko sahee salaamat haalat mein lautaa sakta huun.)

In return, I can return your child to you in safe condition.

बच्चे की माँ   : मैं पुलिस में शिकायत ( complain) दर्ज (register)  करने जा रही हूँ ।

Bacchey ka pita: (Main pulis mein shikaayat darj karney jaa rahee huun.)

Child's mother: I am going to register/lodge complain with the police.

Kidnapper: मुझे धमकी ( threat) पसंद नहीं है । (Mujhey dhamkee pasand nahin hai.)  I do not like threats.

Kidnapper: तुम्हें यह बहुत महँगा पडेगा । Tumhein yah bahut mahangaa padegaa.)

             This will be very  expensive. ( Basically kidnapper threatenss that consequence will be bad/dire.)

(Tumhein yah bahut mahangaa padegaa.)

Mother: इतने  पैसे मेरे पास नहीं है । (Itney paise merey paas nahin hai.)

   I don't have this much money.

Kidnapper: आज  कब्रिस्तान (graveyard)  में मुझसे आकर मिलो।

          (Aaj kabristaan mein mujhsey aakar mil.)

           Meet me at the graveyard today.

Mother of  the child:आज  अधिकोष ( bank) बंद रहेगा चूँकि रविवार है ।

(Kal adhikosh band rahegaa chunki raviwaar hai.)

The bank will remain closed today because of Sunday.

Mother of the child: मेरे बच्चे की सेहत ( health) ठीक नहीं है । 

(Merey bacchey kee sehat theek nahin hai.)

 The health of my child is not  okay.

mother: रहम (mercy) खाओ ।  (Raham khaao.)  Have mercy.

mother: तुम में जरा भी इंसानियत ( humanity)  नहीं है ।

(Tum mein jara bhee insaaniyat nahin hai.)

You don't have even little humanity.

mother: खुदा (God)  से डरो  । ((Khudaa se daro.)  Be afraid of God.

mother: तुम्हें ज़िंदगी (life)  में कभी भी  चैन (peace)  नहीं मिलेगा ।  ( it is like a curse)

(Tumhein zindagee mein kabhee bhee chaiyn nahin milegaa.)

You will never get peace in life ever.

mother: तुम एक परजीवी (parasite) हो । ( Tum ek parjeevee ho.)  You are a parasite.

Kidnapper: मुझे पैसे की जरुरत है । ( Mujhey paise kee zarurat hai.)  I am in need of money.

mother: मेरे पास सिर्फ एक घर है जिसे मैं गिरवी (mortgage)  रख सकती हूँ ।

(Merey paas sirf ek ghar hai jise main girvee rakh saktee huun.)

I have only got a house which I can mortgage.

mother: लेकिन मुझे सिर्फ तीन लाख रुपये  ही मिल सकेंगे ।

(Lekin mujhey sir teen laakh hee mil sakengey.)

But I will be able to get only  three lakh rupees.

mother: मैं तुम्हें केवल एक लाख रुपये दे पाउंगी ।

(Main tumhein keval ek laakh  rupayee dey paaungee.)

I will be able to give you only one lakh rupees.

mother: क्या  तुम्हें  मंज़ूर है ? ( kya tumhein  manzoor hai.)  Do you agree?

mother: अगर तुम सहमत (agree)  हो तो मैं काली घाटी के पास कल शाम को साढे पांच बजे आ जाउंगी ।

(Agar tum sahmat ho to main kaalee ghaatee ke paas kal shaam ko saat bajey  aa jaaungee.)

If you agree, then I will come to the black valley at 5 O 'clock evening tomorrow

kidnapper:अब मैं मोबाइल (mobile/cell) पर बात नहीं कर सकता ।

(Ab main mobile par baat nahin kar sakta.)

I can not talk now on cell.

kidnapper: कल मुलाक़ात (meet) होगी । ( Kal mulaakaat hogee.) Will meet tomorrow.

Mother of the child : बच्चे को अवश्य लेकर   आना । ( Bacchey ko avshya lekar aana.)
 Certainly bring the child.

Police: पुलिस इस वार्तालाप को रिकार्ड कर लेती है । 
Police is vaartaalap ko record kar letee hai.) The police records this conversation

Police: दोषी (perpetrator ) व्यक्ति को पकड़ लिया जाता है और हिरासत  (custody)  में लिया   जाता है ।

(Doshee vyakti ko pakad liyaa jaata hai aur hiraasat mein liya jaata hai.)

The perpetrator is caught and taken into the custody.

Police: बच्चे को उसके कब्जे (possession) से छुडा (released)  लिया जाता है । 
(Bacchey ko uskey kabjey se chhudaa liya  jaata hai.)

The child is  released from his possession.

Police: माँ एवं बच्चे आपस  में मिलते हैं  ।
 (Maan evam  Bacchey aapas mein miltey hain.) 
The mother and child meet together( unite).

Vocabulary:

फिरौती (firautee) ransom

सलामत (salaamat) safe

शिकायत ( shikaayat) complaint

दर्ज (darz) register

धमकी (dhamkee) threat

कब्रिस्तान (kabristaan) graveyard

चूँकि (chunki) because

इंसानियत (insaaniyat) humanity

परजीवी (parjeevee) parasite

गिरवी (girvee) mortgage

मंज़ूर ( manzoor) agree

मुलाक़ात (mulaakaat) meet

दोषी (doshee) perpetrator

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विलोम या विपरीतार्थक  शब्द ( vilom yaa vipareetaarthak shabd)

Words                                                                                                    Antonyms

दुराचार  (duraachaar)  misconduct      - सदाचार (sadaachaar) moral conduct

संयोग ( samyog)- connection/coincidence वियोग ( viyog)-   separation/disconneciton

अशांति (ashaanti)- disturbance     -शांति  (shaanti) - peace

मिथ्या (mithya)- untue/fib         - सत्य (satya) - true

संहार (samhaar)- destruction       -सृजन (srujan) -creation

अज्ञ ( agya) ignorant                                        -विज्ञ( viyga) –    learned

चेतन (chetan) -animate                               –    जड़ (jad) –    dead/inert/

सरस (saras) succulent                                 -नीरस (neeras)   –   monotonous/No juice

लायक (laayak) suitable                               -नालायक (naalaayak)    -  unsuitable

वरदान ( vardaan) -blessings    -अभिशाप  (abhishaap) -  curse

अपेक्षा ( apkeshaa) -expectation  -उपेक्षा (upekshaa)- neglect/ignore

निराकार (niraakaar)-  shapeless/formless - साकार (saakaar) - shape/abstract/realize

 उदय (uday)  - rise          -अस्त (ast)- set

राग ( raag)        -  passion                -द्वेष (dwesh)   –  malice/hatred

ढीला ( dheelaa)    -  loose                 -कसा (ksaa)  -   tight

आगे ( aagey )    -   front                 -पीछे (peechey) behind

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{Suresh 472 }  Small sentences

छोटे वाक्य  (Chhotey vaaky)

मुझे बाज़ार (market) से क्या ( what) लाना है?
 ( Mujhey baazaar se kyaa laanaa hai?)
 What do I need to bring from the  market?

मुझे यह बात झूठ (lie) लगी । ( Mujhey yah baat jhooth lagee.) 
I felt this matter was a lie.

 यह पुस्तक  रमेश की है?  ( Yah pustak ramesh kee hai. ) 
 It is Ramesh's book.
 (It means the book belongs to Ramesh.)

आजकल में घर पर (at ) ही (only) रहता हूँ । 
(Aaajkal main ghar par hee rahtaa huun.)
 I stay at home only now-a-days.

 मैं  शायद (probably)  कल ( tomorrow) आपके पास आऊंगा ।
( Main shaayad kal aapkey paas aaungaa.) 
 I will probably come to you tomorrow.

नहीं,  मैंने ( I) यह कार्य नहीं ( not) किया है ।
(Nahin, mainey yah kaary nahin kiya hai.)
 No, I have not done this work.

अगर तुमने यह नहीं कहा तो किसने (who) ऐसा (so) कहा (said) ?
( Agar tumney yah nahin kaha to kisney aisa kaha? )
If you did not say this then who said so? 

हम सब  को  एक  दूसरे की  मदद ( help) करनी चाहिए । 
( Ham sabko ek doosrey kee madad karnee chahiye. )
We all should help each other.

मैं यह काम (work)  कल (tomorrow) करूंगा ।
(Main yah kaam kal karungaa.)
I will do this work tomorrow.

कहो ,क्या बात है ।(Kaho, kya baat hai ?) 
 Say/Tell, what is  the matter?

पीकर ( after drinking) गाड़ी मत चलाओ । 
(Peekar gaadee mat chalaao.) 
Do't drive the vehicle after drinking.

आप क्यों ( why) आये ? (Aaap kyon aaye?) 
Why did you come? 

लडकी ठंड से कांप (shivering) रही थी । 
(Ladkee thand se kaanp rahee thee.)
The girl was shivering from cold. 

गाड़ी चलाते (driving) हुए मत पढ़िए (read) |
(Gaadee chalaatey hooay mat padhiye.)
 Please don't read while driving the vehicle . 

हर समय रोना (cry) अच्छा  नहीं होता ।
(Har samay ronaa achha nahin hota.) 
It is not good to cry all the times. 

कल मेरा जन्मदिन (birthday) है । 
(Kal mera janmdin hai.)Tomorrow is my birthday. 

मुझे  लेशमात्र (slightest) भी आभास (inkling) न था ।
 (Mujhey leshmaatr bhee aabhaas na tha.) 
I did not have the slightest inkling. 

भाड (hell) में जाओ | ( Bhaad mein jaao.) Go to hell. 

गाँधीजी सत्य एवं अहिंसा के पुजारी थे ।
(Gandheejee satya evam ahimsaa ke pujaaree they.) 

Gandheeje was priest of truth and non-violence . 

में बिल्कुल थक (exhausted) चुकी थी । 
(Main bilkul thak chukee thee.) I was totally exhausted. 

आपके कहने का अभिप्राय (mean) क्या है ?
 (Aaapkey kahney ka abhipraay kya hai?)
 What do you mean to say? 

उसने  पंछी (bird) को मारा (killed) |
(Usney panchee ko maaraa.)
 He killed the bird.  

मैं यह कर चुका-चुकी (m/f) हूँ |
 ( Main yah kar chukaa /chukee huun. )
 I have already done it. 

VOCABULARY:

 लेशमात्र  (leshmaatr) slightest

आभास (abhaas) inkling

भाड (bhaad) hell

अभिप्राय  (abhipraay) meaning

Quizzes

1. Select a present tense sentence in feminine form from the above.
2. Select a past tense sentence in feminine form from the above.
3. Synonym for अभिप्राय in Hindi.
4. Antonym for अहिंसा in Hindi and write the meaning.

5.  This sentence is in future tense and kal indicates the meaning of tomorrow.

मैं यह काम (work)  कल (tomorrow)  करूंगा ।(Main yah kaam kal karungaa.)

I will do this work tomorrow.. Suposse, the sentence was:मैने यह काम कल किया था ।
Translate in English and  mention कल signifies what here?

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

91 0 9840643690

Related posts:

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3. {Suresh 471 } Small sentences Master Your Vocabulary. Take a look at: Vocabulary Quiz -...

{Suresh 471 }  Small sentences

छोटे वाक्य (Chhtoey vaaky)

क्या आपकी शादी ( marriage) हो गई ?  (Kya aapkee shaadee ho gayee?) Are you married?

इमली ( Tamarind) का स्वाद  (taste) बहुत खट्टा ( sour) होता है |

( Imlee kaa swaad bahuta khatta hota hai. )

The tamarind  has a very sour taste.

कुछ और  काम ( work) करो | ( Kuchh aur kaam karo. ) Do some other work.

पानी पीने  से प्यास ( thirst ) मिटती  ( quench ) है ।

(Panee peenay se pyaas mitatee hai. )

The thirst is quenched by drinking the water.

सच  ( truth) एवं झूठ (lies)  के बीच ( between) में बहुत अंतर ( difference) होता है ।

There is a big difference between truth and lies.

क्या आप  मुझे  यह ( this ) समझा  ( explain) सकते हैं?

( Kya aap mujhey yah samajhaa saktey hain.?)

Can you explain this to me?

आज बारिश ( rain) हो सकती है  |    ( Aaj baarish ho saktee hai. )

It may rain today.

तुमने कहाँ  ( where) काम ( work) किया ?    Tumney kahan kaam kiya ? )

Where did you work?

वह   कल वहाँ ( there) क्या  कर रही थी  ?

( Vah  kal vahan kya kar rahee thee.? )

What was she doing there yesterday?

आज मुझे  एक  कार्य के सिलसिले  ( connection ) में बाहर जाना पडेगा  ।

Aaaj mujhey ek kaary ke silsiley mein baahar jaanaa padegaa. )

I will have to go out in connection with a work, today.

आज का दिन बहुत अच्छा (good)  नहीं था ।

( Aaaj ka din bahut achha nahin tha. )

Today’s day was not very good.

आजकल  ( now-a-days) सभी को  परिश्रम ( labourious/ hard ) का कार्य  ( work ) करना  पड़ता है ।

Aaajkal sabhee ko parishram ka kaarya karna padtaa hai.

Everyone has to work hard now-a-days.

औरतों से भरी एक बस नदी (river) में गिर गई। 
( Auraton se bharee ek bas nadee mein gir gayee.) 
A bus full of women fell down in the river.

सभी महिलाओं की मौत (died) हो गई | (Sabhee mahilaaon kee maut ho gayee.) 
 All the women died.

दुर्घटना में मरी स्त्रियों के पति एक हफ्ते तक रोते रहे |
(Durghatnaa mein maree streeyon ke pati ek haftey tak rotey rahey.) 
The husbands of the women killed in the accident moaned for a week.

 संता महीने भर बाद (after) भी नहीं लौटा |
(Sant maheeney bhar baad bhee nahin lautaa.)
 Santa did not return even after a month.

राना  प्रताप  एक   पराक्रमी योद्धा थे  |

( Rana Prataap ek paraakramee yoddha they. )

Rana Prataap was a mighty warrior.

मुझ पर कातिलाना ( fatal) हमला (attack)  हुआ ।

( Mujh par kaatilaana hamlaa hua.)  There was a fatal attack on me.

हमारा  सम्बन्ध ( relationship) मैत्रीपूर्ण (friendly) रहा  है|

Our relationship has been friendly.

मुझे  यह प्रवृति मान्य नहीं है ।

(Mujhey yah pravruti  maanya nahin hai

This attitude/tendency is not acceptable to me.

VOCABULARY:

पराक्रमी ( parakramee) mighty

कातिलाना ( kaatilaana) fatal

प्रवृति (Pravruti) attitude/tendency

Quizzes

1. Synonym for सम्बन्ध

2. Synonym for  महिलाओं

3. How many future tense related sentences are there in this lesson,select the same

and indicate and tell how a future tense sentence in Hindi can be identified easily?

4. Indicate the difference  in meaning between the words:  समझ &  समझा

S.Suresh Kumar   

An online Hindi tutor and translator

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3. {Suresh 396} Present tense related sentences Master Your Vocabulary. Take a look at: Vocabulary Quiz -...

{Suresh 470} समश्रुति भिन्नार्थक शब्द ( Samshruti bhinnarthak shab) Homonyms

Definition:Homonyms:In Hindi, there are several words which may create confusion because they are very much similar in spelling or pronunciation or both.

वन                  (Van)                        Forest                               वर्ण                (Varn )          Type/complexion

तुरंग               (Turang)                   Horse                               तरंग         (Tarang )              Wave

धान              (Dhaan )                     Paddy                                   धन             (Dhan  )              Wealth

निर्माण           (Nirmaan)               Construction                 निर्वाण          (Nirvaarn)           Death

राग                (Raag )                      Passion                                 रंग               (Rang)             Colour

प्राकर                (Praakar)                Fort                                   प्रकार            (Prakaar)             Type

काठ               (Kath)                        Wood                             काट                  (Kaat)               Cut

प्रणय                (Pranay)                 love                                परिणय               (Parinay)         marriage

कर्म                    (Karm)                   Action                         क्रम                  (Kram)            Sequence

प्रणाम                 (Pranaam)              Salutation                   प्रमाण            (Pramaan)        Proof

मातृ                   (Maatru)                Mother                          मात्र                 (Maatr)            Only

अंदर                     (Andar )               Inside                           आदर          (Aadar)          Respect

दशा                       (Dasha )           condition                               दिशा          (Disha)   Direction

भवन                 (Bhavan)               Building                              भुवन             (Bhuvan  )  World

S.Suresh Kumar   

An online Hindi tutor and translator

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Devanagaree             (  Transliteration      )           Translation

a) Pair from two different words

खाता – पीता               (Khaataa – Peetaa)                 well earning, prosperous

example: वह खाते- पीते खानदान  का है | ( Vah khaatey peetey khaandaan ka hai.   ) He from prosperous/well to do family.

हरा – भरा                   ( Hara – bhara )                   fresh,green

भाग – दौड़                  (Bhaag – daud  )                       very busy

साधू – संत                (Sadhu – sant )                  Hermits/sages/monks (plural) – also called  Rishis/Munis in Hindi

रहन – सहन               (Rahan – sahan )                living

b)  Pair from the same word

धीरे – धीरे                        (Dheerey – dheerey )            gradually/slowly

( Enjoy a nice Bollywood song  from Dheerey-dheerey:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pKsD2GiQhOo

आगे – आगे                     (Aage – aage  )                     Ahead/ Front   -example:आगे आगे देखो ,होता है क्या ?

( Aaagey-aagey dekho, hota hai kya? )See what  things happen ahead.

क्या – क्या                         (Kya – kya )                      what not  ,            example(sentence) : मुझे क्या क्या सुनना पडेगा ,  मालूम  नहीं |

(Mujhey kyta kya sunana padegaa, maloom nahin. ) Don’t know, what not I will have to hear.

चलते -चलते                   ( Chaltey-chaltey)           while walking

( A nice song: chaltey- chaltey:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fMHFLD6NFU)

अपना – अपना                 (   apna – apna  )                     own

c) Pair from two meaningless words

उबड़ – खाबड़	     ( Ubad- khaabad	) =       uneven   ,   example   यह जमीन उबड़ – खाबड़ है |

(Yah jameen ubad khaabad hai.)  This ground is uneven.

खाना – वाना	      ( khaana – vaana	)        = food/drinks etc.
रोना -  धोना	      (Rona – dhonaa)     = 	to sob, cry, weep, moan etc., example:रोना -  धोना बंद करो |

(Rona -dhonaa band karo.)  Stop crying.
चुप – चाप	       ( chup – chap	) silently, surreptitiously    example: वह चुप – चाप  खिसक गया |

Vah chup chaap khisak gaya. )  He quietly went away.

 d) Pair from the meaningful and meaningless words

जात – पात         	(jaat – paat	) social status

हिसाब – किताब	      (Hisaab – kitaab) 	to account, calculate

उंच -नीच           ( Oonch- neech)  High-low- status /differences
लूट – पाट        (Loot – paat	 )   to rob/loot money, jewels etc.

छिन्न – भिन्न	      ( Chhinn- Bhinn)	 broken/sparse

चटक – मटक	       (chatak – matak	)  Pompous/show off /gaudy  , example:  मुझे ज्यादा चटक मटक  पसंद नहीं है  |

(Mujhey chatak matak pasand nahin hai. ) = I do not like show off.

e) Pair from two opposite ( antonyms)  words

सवाल – जवाब	        ( sawaal – jawaab) 	question and answers -  example:
मुझसे सवाल -जवाब मत किया करो । ( Mujhsey sawaal- jawaab mat kiya karo.)
Don't ask me questiona- answer ( interrogate)?

कहना – सुनना	       (Kahnaa - sunanaa ) 	to talk, converse, scold

हानि – लाभ	         (Haani - laabh )   	profit- loss

छोटा – बड़ा	           (Chhotaa – badaa	) from all social status/differences

S.Suresh Kumar  

An online Hindi tutor and translator

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बॉलीवुड के पुराने चलचित्रों के नाम अर्थ सहित (Bollywood ke puraaney chalchitron ke naam arth sahit.)
Names of the Bollywood famous old Hindi movies with it’s meaning

Introduction: I strongly recommend watch first on priority some of the great movies listed in this site without fail:

http://www.squidoo.com/top-10-indian-movies.  Besides you may consider seeing some other movies enlisted

below:

PURPOSE: a) Learn the famous old movies of Bollywood

b) Under the meaning of the caption/title

c) Try to watch the  Hindi movies and understand the conversations

आदमी  (Aadmee)  Man

आग (Aag)  Fire

कल, आज और कल  ( Kal ,aaj aur kal) Yesterday, today and tomorrow

आख़िरी रास्ता  (Aaakiree raastaa)  The last way/route

आमने सामने  (Aamney saamney) in front of

आंधी  (Aandhee) storm

आँखें  ( Aaankhein ) Eyes

आप की कसम  ( Aap kee kasam)  Your oath

आशिक ( Aashiq ) lover

अभिमान ( abhimaan) pride
अभिलाषा  (abhilaashaa) desire

अचानक  (Achaanak) sudden

अकेला  (Aklea) Lone/only
अजनबी (Ajnabee) Stranger

अमन (Aman) Peace

अनामिका ( Anamika) Ring finger
अनाडी (Anaadee) Novice

अंदाज़ (Andaaz) style
अनपढ़ (Anpadh) Illiterate

अपना देश  (Apna desh) Own country
अनुरोध (Anuroadh) request

असली नकली ( Aslee Naklee) original/fake)

आवारा (Aawaara) Maverick
आजाद (Aaazaad) Independent

आनंद (Aanand) Pleasure

आराधना (Aaraadhnaa ) worship
अर्थ (Arth) meaning

बाजी ( naazee) Bet
बाजीगर (Baazeegar) Juggler

बरसात (Barsaat) Rain
भरोसा (Bharosa) Trust
छलिया  (Chhaliyaa) cheat

दाग (daag) blot/scar/blur

देवर (Devar) Husband's younger brother

धुंध  ( Dhundh) Mist

दिल ( Dil) Heart
दोस्ती (Dostee) Friendship

दुश्मन (Dushman) Foe/enemy

फर्ज  (Farj) duty

गीत ( Geet)  song /lyrics
घराना (Gharaanaa) Family

गुमनाम (Gumnaam) Anonymous
गुमराह ( Gumraah) Astray/mislead

हकीकत (Haquikat) Reality

काजल  (Kaajal) Soot

किस्मत (kismat) Luck
खानदान (Khaandaan) Pedigree
खामोशी (Khaamoshee) Silence

किनारा   (Kinaaraa) edge
खूबसूरत (khoobsoorat) Beautiful

कोहरा (kohraa) Fog

लगान (Lagaan) Rent

महल (Mahal) Palace
मजबूर (majboor) Compelled

मर्द (Mard) Man
मिलन (Milan) union

नागिन (naagin) snake(f)

परिचय ( Parichay) Introduction

पहचान  (Pahchaan ) identification

प्यासा (Pyaasaa) Thirsty

राजकुमार (Rajkumaar) Prince
रोटी (Rotee) Bread

सागर (Saagar) Ocean
शोर (Shor) Noise
सिलसिला  ( Silsilaa) series

सौगंध (Saugandh) oath

तेज़ाब (Tezaab) Acid
त्रिशूल (Trishul) trident

यहूदी (Yahudee) Jew

जंजीर  (Janjeer) Chain
जिद्दी (Ziddee) Stubborn

S.Suresh Kumar  

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

9`1 0 9840643690

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{Suresh 467} Simple useful sentences

सरल  उपयोगी वाक्य  ( Saral upyogee vaaky.)

हम आपस में समझौता ( compromise) कर लेते हैं । ( Ham aapas mein samjhautaa kar letey hain.)

=We compromise with each other.

कमीज़  ( shirt) की आस्तीन ( sleeves) बहुत लम्बी ( long) है |( Kameez kee aasteen bahut lambee hai.) =

The sleeves of the shirt is too long.

वह गुपचुप ( silent) क्यों खडा है ? (   Vah gupchup kyon khadaa hai.? ) =Why is he standing silent?

मैं उस लडके की चातुरी  (tact) की दाद  ( admire) देता हूँ  | ( Main us ladkey kee chaaturee kee daad deta huun. )

= I admire that boy’s tact.

मैं दाद  (shingles) से परेशान हूँ ।  ( main daad se pareshaan huun. )I am suffering from shingles.

मुझे खाना स्वादिष्ट (delicious) नहीं लगा । ( Mujhey khaana swaadisht nahin lagaa. )

=I did not find the food to be delicious.

आपका मनोबल ( morale) ऊंचा है | Aapka manobal oonchaa hai. ) =Your morale is high.

क्या तुम इस घटना ( incidence) से अवगत (aware) हो ?   Kya tum is ghatnaa se avgat ho? )

Are you aware of this incidence?

तुम्हें बहस ( debate) करने में क्यों आनंद ( enjoy) आता है ? ( Tumhein bahas karney mein kyon aanand aata hai.?)

Why do you enjoy debate.?

मुफ्त (free) की सलाह ( advice) किसको पसंद नहीं होती ? ( Muft kee salaah kisko pasand nahin hotee. )

Who does not like the free advice.

वह इस बार ( time) भी नाकाम ( failed) रहा । ( vah is baar bhee naakaam raha. ) = He failed this time too.

पत्र मंजूषा ( letter box)  में ख़त ( letter) डाल कर आ जाना  | ( Ptr manjooshaa mein khat daal kar aa jaana. )

Come back after putting the letter into letter box.

गलती  करना मानवीय ( human) स्वभाव है |  ( Galtee karna maanveey swabhav hai. )

To err is human nature.

यह कार्य निंदनीय ( condemnable ) है |  (Yah kaary nindaneey hai. )  This act is condemnable.

तुम क्यों  खामख्वाह   उत्तेजित ( excited) होते हो ?  ( Tun kyon khaamkhwaah uttejit hotey ho? )

Why do you get excited unnecessarily

मैं तुम्हें  मेरी लाचारी ( helplessness) के बारे में  बता नहीं सकता । ( main tumhein meree laachaaree bata nahin saktaa. )

I can’t tell/inform you  about my helplessness.

मुझे  कुरकुरे( crispy) बिस्कुट पसंद हैं ।  (Mujhey kurkurey biscuit pasand hain. ) I like the crispy biscuits.

यह  मसला  ( issue) काफी पुराना हो चुका   है ।  Yah maslaa kaafee puaana ho chukaa hai. )

This issue has become very old.

खाना मसालेदार  ( spicy) है  |  ( Khanaa masaaleydaar hai.) The food is spicy.

भगवान सर्वव्यापी  (omnipresent) है | ( Bhagwaan sarvvyaapee hai. ) The God is  omnipresent.

मेरी इच्छा के विपरीत ( contrary) , मैं  ऐसा    करने के लिए विवश  ( constrained) हूँ |

( Meree icchha ke vipartee, main aisaa karney ke liye vivash huun )

Contrary to my wish, I am constrained /forced to do like this.

उसने मुझे लड़ाई ( battle) में पछाड़ (defeated) दी   | ( Usney mujhey ladaai mein pachhad dee. )

He defeated me in the battle/fight.

Vocabulary:

अवगत (avgat) aware

मसला  (maslaa) issue

दाद (daad) shingles

विपरीत (vipareet) contrary

पछाड़ ( pachhad)  to defeat

S.Suresh Kumar

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

9`1 0 9840643690

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{Suresh 466} Sentences with verb

क्रिया के साथ वाक्य ( Kriya ke saath vaaky

पहनना (Pahananaa) - to wear: मैं इस पोशाक ( dress) को पहन ( wear ) सकता हूँ । 
(Main is poshaak ko pahan saktaa huun.)  I can wear this dress.

 माफ़ करना :( maaf karna) to forgive:  हम उसे माफ़ करते हैं । ( Ham usey maaf kartey hain.)
 We do forgive him.

फेंकना (fenknaa) - to thorw:  उस लडकी ने इस गेंद ( ball) को फेंक ( threw)  दिया |
 ( Us ladkee ney is gend ko fenk diya.) That girl threw this ball.

उड़ जाना : ( ud jaana) to  fly away : हम कल उड़ जायेंगे | ( Ham kal ud jaayengey.)

We will fly away tomorrow.

गायब होना:  ( gaayab hona): to disappear  :वे गायब हो गए | ( vey gaayab ho gaye.)

They disappeared.

पता लगाना : (pata lagaana) to find out/ to locate: हमने उस खोये (missing) बच्चे ( child) का पता लगा लिया है ।

( Hamney us khyoye bachhey ka pata lagaa liya hai.) We have found out /located  that missing child.

असहमत होना :(asahmat hona) To disagree:  हम इसे बारे में असहमत हैं |(Ham iskey baarey mein asahamat hain.)

We disagree about this matter.

देखना (dekhnaa) - To see:  मैने इस चलचित्र ( movie)  को देखा ( have seen)  है |
 (Mainey is chalchitr ko dekha hai.) I have seen this movie.

शिकायत करना: ( shikaayat karna) to complain:  हम शिकायत करते हैं | ( Ham shikaayat kartey hain.)
 We complain.

स्वीकार करना: (sweekaar karna) to accept: मैं स्वीकार करता हूँ |(Main sweekaar kartaa huun.)
 I accept.

सलाह देना: (salaah dena>) to advise: तुमने उसे सलाह दी |(Tumney usey salaah dee.)
 You advised her.

Vocabulary:

गायब (gaayab) disappear

S.Suresh Kumar  

An online Hindi tutor and translator

sskay56@gmail.com

9`1 0 9840643690

Related posts:

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